High Strength Electrospun Single Copolyacrylonitrile (coPAN) Nanofibers with Improved Molecular Orientation by Drawing

Tang-Cheng Xu; Dong-Hua Han; Yong-Mei Zhu; Gai-Gai Duan; Kun-Ming Liu; Hao-Qing Hou

doi:10.1007/s10118-021-2516-0

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

High Strength Electrospun Single Copolyacrylonitrile (coPAN) Nanofibers with Improved Molecular Orientation by Drawing

ARTICLE | Updated：2020-11-16

- High Strength Electrospun Single Copolyacrylonitrile (coPAN) Nanofibers with Improved Molecular Orientation by Drawing
- High Strength Electrospun Single Copolyacrylonitrile (coPAN) Nanofibers with Improved Molecular Orientation by Drawing
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2021年39卷第2期页码：174-180
- Affiliations：
  
  a.Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
  b.Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
  c.School of Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Author bio：
  
  duangaigai@njfu.edu.cn (G.G.D.)
  haoqing@jxnu.edu.cn (H.Q.H.)
- Funds：
  
  This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21774053, 21975111, and 51903123), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20190760), Major Special Projects of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology (No. 20114ABF05100), and Technology Plan Landing Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education (No. GCJ2011-24).
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-021-2516-0
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2020-05-31，
  
  修回：2020-9-24，
  
  录用：2020-10-8，
  
  网络首发：2020-11-16，
  
  纸质出版：2021-01-02
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Xu, T. C.; Han, D. H.; Zhu, Y. M.; Duan, G. G.; Liu, K. M.; Hou, H. Q. High strength electrospun single copolyacrylonitrile (coPAN) nanofibers with improved molecular orientation by drawing. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2021, 39, 174–180

Tang-Cheng Xu, Dong-Hua Han, Yong-Mei Zhu, et al. High Strength Electrospun Single Copolyacrylonitrile (coPAN) Nanofibers with Improved Molecular Orientation by Drawing[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2021, 39(2): 174-180.
Xu, T. C.; Han, D. H.; Zhu, Y. M.; Duan, G. G.; Liu, K. M.; Hou, H. Q. High strength electrospun single copolyacrylonitrile (coPAN) nanofibers with improved molecular orientation by drawing. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2021, 39, 174–180 DOI： 10.1007/s10118-021-2516-0.

Tang-Cheng Xu, Dong-Hua Han, Yong-Mei Zhu, et al. High Strength Electrospun Single Copolyacrylonitrile (coPAN) Nanofibers with Improved Molecular Orientation by Drawing[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2021, 39(2): 174-180. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-021-2516-0.

摘要

Abstract

High-performance carbon nanofibers are highly dependent on the performance of their precursors

especially polyacrylonitrile (PAN). In this work

the copolymer of PAN (coPAN) was synthesized for electrospinning. A self-assembling set-up was used for the stretching of single coPAN nanofibers. FTIR and Raman spectroscopies were used to characterize the chemical structure of coPAN nanofibers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to monitor the morphology of single coPAN nanofibers under different drawing times. Micro-tensile test was used to determine the mechanical properties of single coPAN nanofibers. The results indicated that the drawing led to an increase in degree of molecular orientation along the fiber axis from 0.656 to 0.808

tensile strength from 304 MPa to 595 MPa

and modulus from 3.1 GPa to 12.4 GPa. This research would provide fundamental information of high-performance electrospun coPAN nanofibers and offer opportunities for the preparation of high-performance carbon nanofibers.

关键词

Keywords

references

Chand, S. . Carbon fibers for composites . J. Mater. Sci. , 2000 . 35 1303 - 1313 . DOI: 10.1023/A:1004780301489 http://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004780301489 .

Yusof, N.; Ismail, A. F. . Post spinning and pyrolysis processes of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based carbon fiber and activated carbon fiber: a review . J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis , 2012 . 93 1 - 13 . DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.10.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2011.10.001 .

Liu, Y.; Kumar, S. . Recent progress in fabrication, structure, and properties of carbon fibers . Polym. Rev. , 2012 . 52 234 - 258 . DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2012.705410 http://doi.org/10.1080/15583724.2012.705410 .

Hou, H.; Xu, W.; Ding, Y. . The recent progress on high-performance polymer nanofibers by electrospinning . Journal of Jiangxi Normal University (Natural Science) (in Chinese) , 2018 . 42 551 - 564 . .

Wei, J.; Liao, M.; Ma, A.; Chen, Y.; Duan, Z.; Hou, X.; Li, M.; Jiang, N.; Yu, J. . Enhanced thermal conductivity of polydimethylsiloxane composites with carbon fiber . Compos. Commun. , 2020 . 17 141 - 146 . DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2019.12.004 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2019.12.004 .

Kobets, L.; Deev, I. . Carbon fibres: structure and mechanical properties . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 1998 . 57 1571 - 1580 . DOI: 10.1016/S0266-3538(97)00088-2 http://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(97)00088-2 .

Paris, O.; Loidl, D.; Peterlik, H. . Texture of PAN-and pitch-based carbon fibers . Carbon , 2002 . 40 551 - 555 . DOI: 10.1016/S0008-6223(01)00139-7 http://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(01)00139-7 .

Zeng, H. The development of carbon fibre and its composites in china. In Proceedings of carbon fibres and their composites , Berlin, Heidelberg, 1985 , pp. 288−293.

Duan, G.; Fang, H.; Huang, C.; Jiang, S.; Hou, H. . Microstructures and mechanical properties of aligned electrospun carbon nanofibers from binary composites of polyacrylonitrile and polyamic acid . J. Mater. Sci. , 2018 . 53 15096 - 15106 . DOI: 10.1007/s10853-018-2700-y http://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2700-y .

Zhang, M. Y.; Niu, H. Q.; Qi, S. L.; Tian, G. F.; Wang, X. D.; Wu, D. Z. . Structure evolutions involved in the carbonization of polyimide fibers with different chemical constitution . Mater. Today Commun. , 2014 . 1 1 - 8 . DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2014.08.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2014.08.001 .

Jiang, S.; Cheong, J. Y.; Nam, J. S.; Kim, I. D.; Agarwal, S.; Greiner, A. . High-density fibrous polyimide sponges with superior mechanical and thermal properties . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2020 . 12 19006 - 19014 . DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02004 http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c02004 .

Jiang, S.; Uch, B.; Agarwal, S.; Greiner, A. . Ultralight, thermally insulating, compressible polyimide fiber assembled sponges . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2017 . 9 32308 - 32315 . DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b11045 http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b11045 .

Bermudez, V.; Ogale, A. A. . Adverse effect of mesophase pitch draw-down ratio on carbon fiber strength . Carbon , 2020 . 168 328 - 336 . DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.06.062 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2020.06.062 .

Li, W. W.; Kang, H. L.; Xu, J.; Liu, R. G. . Effects of ultra-high temperature treatment on the microstructure of carbon fibers . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2017 . 35 764 - 772 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-017-1922-9 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-017-1922-9 .

Deng, L.; Young, R. J.; Kinloch, I. A.; Zhu, Y.; Eichhorn, S. J. . Carbon nanofibres produced from electrospun cellulose nanofibres . Carbon , 2013 . 58 66 - 75 . DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.02.032 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.02.032 .

Ma, L.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, S. . Modified treatment for carbonized cellulose nanofiber application in composites . Compos. Part A , 2016 . 90 786 - 793 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.09.007 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.09.007 .

Tian, J.; Shi, Y.; Fan, W.; Liu, T. . Ditungsten carbide nanoparticles embedded in electrospun carbon nanofiber membranes as flexible and high-performance supercapacitor electrodes . Compos. Commun. , 2019 . 12 21 - 25 . DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2018.12.003 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2018.12.003 .

Weng, W.; Kurihara, R.; Wang, J.; Shiratori, S. . Electrospun carbon nanofiber-based composites for lithium-ion batteries: structure optimization towards high performance . Compos. Commun. , 2019 . 15 135 - 148 . DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2019.07.005 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2019.07.005 .

Wu, Q. Y.; Liang, H. Q.; Li, M.; Liu, B. T.; Xu, Z. K. . Hierarchically porous carbon membranes derived from PAN and their selective adsorption of organic dyes . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2016 . 34 23 - 33 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-016-1723-6 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-016-1723-6 .

Santos de Oliveira Junior, M.; Manzolli Rodrigues, B. V.; Marcuzzo, J. S.; Guerrini, L. M.; Baldan, M. R.; Rezende, M. C. . A statistical approach to evaluate the oxidative process of electrospun polyacrylonitrile ultrathin fibers . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2017 . 134 45458 DOI: 10.1002/app.45458 http://doi.org/10.1002/app.45458 .

Hou, X.; Yang, X.; Zhang, L.; Waclawik, E.; Wu, S. . Stretching-induced crystallinity and orientation to improve the mechanical properties of electrospun PAN nanocomposites . Mater. Des. , 2010 . 31 1726 - 1730 . DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.01.051 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.01.051 .

Baseri, S. . Preparation and characterization of conductive and antibacterial polyacrylonitrile terpolymer yarns produced by one-step organic coating . J. Text. Instit. , 2017 . 108 20 - 29 . DOI: 10.1080/00405000.2015.1133127 http://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2015.1133127 .

Yao, K.; Chen, J.; Li, P.; Duan, G.; Hou, H. . Robust strong electrospun polyimide composite nanofibers from a ternary polyamic acid blend . Compos. Commun. , 2019 . 15 92 - 95 . DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2019.07.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2019.07.001 .

Zhou, Z.; Liu, K.; Lai, C.; Zhang, L.; Li, J.; Hou, H.; Reneker, D. H.; Fong, H. . Graphitic carbon nanofibers developed from bundles of aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers containing phosphoric acid . Polymer , 2010 . 51 2360 - 2367 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.03.044 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2010.03.044 .

Kaur, N.; Kumar, V.; Dhakate, S. R. . Synthesis and characterization of multiwalled CNT-PAN based composite carbon nanofibers via electrospinning . SpringerPlus , 2016 . 5 483 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2051-6 http://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-2051-6 .

Papkov, D.; Zou, Y.; Andalib, M. N.; Goponenko, A.; Cheng, S. Z. D.; Dzenis, Y. A. . Simultaneously strong and tough ultrafine continuous nanofibers . ACS Nano , 2013 . 7 3324 - 3331 . DOI: 10.1021/nn400028p http://doi.org/10.1021/nn400028p .

Jiang, S.; Chen, Y.; Duan, G.; Mei, C.; Greiner, A.; Agarwal, S. . Electrospun nanofiber reinforced composites: a review . Polym. Chem. , 2018 . 9 2685 - 2720 . DOI: 10.1039/C8PY00378E http://doi.org/10.1039/C8PY00378E .

Liu, L.; Bakhshi, H.; Jiang, S.; Schmalz, H.; Agarwal, S. . Composite polymeric membranes with directionally embedded fibers for controlled dual actuation . Macromol. Rapid Commun. , 2018 . 39 1800082 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800082 http://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201800082 .

Sun, Z.; Yang, L.; Zhang, D.; Song, W. . High performance, flexible and renewable nano-biocomposite artificial muscle based on mesoporous cellulose/ionic liquid electrolyte membrane . Sensors Actuators B: Chem. , 2019 . 283 579 - 589 . DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2018.12.073 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.12.073 .

Jiang, S.; Helfricht, N.; Papastavrou, G.; Greiner, A.; Agarwal, S. . Low-density self-assembled poly( N -isopropyl acrylamide) sponges with ultrahigh and extremely fast water uptake and release . Macromol. Rapid Commun. , 2018 . 39 1700838 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700838 http://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201700838 .

Jian, S.; Zhu, J.; Jiang, S.; Chen, S.; Fang, H.; Song, Y.; Duan, G.; Zhang, Y.; Hou, H. . Nanofibers with diameter below one nanometer from electrospinning . RSC Adv. , 2018 . 8 4794 - 4802 . DOI: 10.1039/C7RA13444D http://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA13444D .

Jiang, S.; Agarwal, S.; Greiner, A. . Low-density open cellular sponges as functional materials . Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , 2017 . 56 15520 - 15538 . DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700684 http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201700684 .

Agarwal, S.; Jiang, S.; Chen, Y. . Progress in the field of water-and/or temperature-triggered polymer actuators . Macromol. Mater. Eng. , 2019 . 304 1800548 DOI: 10.1002/mame.201800548 http://doi.org/10.1002/mame.201800548 .

Molnar, K.; Jedlovszky-Hajdu, A.; Zrinyi, M.; Jiang, S.; Agarwal, S. . Poly(amino acid)-based gel fibers with pH responsivity by coaxial reactive electrospinning . Macromol. Rapid Commun. , 2017 . 38 1700147 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700147 http://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201700147 .

Li, Y.; Yin, X.; Yu, J.; Ding, B. . Electrospun nanofibers for high-performance air filtration . Compos. Commun. , 2019 . 15 6 - 19 . DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2019.06.003 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2019.06.003 .

Duan, G.; Liu, S.; Hou, H. . Synthesis of polyacrylonitrile and mechanical properties of its electrospun nanofibers . e-Polymer , 2018 . 18 569 - 573 . DOI: 10.1515/epoly-2018-0158 http://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2018-0158 .

Liao, X.; Dulle, M.; de Souza e Silva, J. M.; Wehrspohn, R. B.; Agarwal, S.; Förster, S.; Hou, H.; Smith, P.; Greiner, A. . High strength in combination with high toughness in robust and sustainable polymeric materials . Science , 2019 . 366 1376 - 1379 . DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9033 http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay9033 .

Zeng, Z. P.; Shao, Z. C.; Xiao, R.; Lu, Y. G. . Structure evolution mechanism of poly(acrylonitrile/itaconic acid/acrylamide) during thermal oxidative stabilization process . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2017 . 35 1020 - 1034 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-017-1945-2 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-017-1945-2 .

Duan, G.; Zhang, H.; Jiang, S.; Xie, M.; Peng, X.; Chen, S.; Hanif, M.; Hou, H. . Modification of precursor polymer using co-polymerization: a good way to high performance electrospun carbon nanofiber bundles . Mater. Lett. , 2014 . 122 178 - 181 . DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2014.02.023 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.02.023 .

Kim, C.; Park, S. H.; Cho, J. I.; Lee, D. Y.; Park, T. J.; Lee, W. J.; Yang, K. S. . Raman spectroscopic evaluation of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon nanofibers prepared by electrospinning . J. Raman Spectrosc. , 2004 . 35 928 - 933 . DOI: 10.1002/jrs.1233 http://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1233 .

Huang, Y. S.; Koenig, J. L. . Raman spectra of polyacrylonitrile . Appl. Spectrosc. , 1971 . 25 620 - 622 . DOI: 10.1366/000370271779951084 http://doi.org/10.1366/000370271779951084 .

Wang, D.; Yu, J.; Duan, G.; Liu, K.; Hou, H. . Electrospun polyimide nonwovens with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties by addition of trace plasticizer . J. Mater. Sci. , 2020 . 55 5667 - 5679 . DOI: 10.1007/s10853-020-04402-2 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-04402-2 .

Xu, H.; Jiang, S.; Ding, C.; Zhu, Y.; Li, J.; Hou, H. . High strength and high breaking load of single electrospun polyimide microfiber from water soluble precursor . Mater. Lett. , 2017 . 201 82 - 84 . DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.05.019 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2017.05.019 .

Yang, H.; Jiang, S.; Fang, H.; Hu, X.; Duan, G.; Hou, H. . Molecular orientation in aligned electrospun polyimide nanofibers by polarized FTIR spectroscopy . Spectrochimica Acta Part A , 2018 . 200 339 - 344 . DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.045 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.045 .

Jiang, S.; Han, D.; Huang, C.; Duan, G.; Hou, H. . Temperature-induced molecular orientation and mechanical properties of single electrospun polyimide nanofiber . Mater. Lett. , 2018 . 216 81 - 83 . DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.12.146 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2017.12.146 .

Fennessey, S. F.; Farris, R. J. . Fabrication of aligned and molecularly oriented electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and the mechanical behavior of their twisted yarns . Polymer , 2004 . 45 4217 - 4225 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.001 .

Yan, H.; Liu, L.; Zhang, Z. . Continually fabricating staple yarns with aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers . Mater. Lett. , 2011 . 65 2419 - 2421 . DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2011.04.091 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2011.04.091 .

Naraghi, M.; Chasiotis, I.; Kahn, H.; Wen, Y.; Dzenis, Y. . Mechanical deformation and failure of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers as a function of strain rate . Appl. Phys. Lett. , 2007 . 91 151901 DOI: 10.1063/1.2795799 http://doi.org/10.1063/1.2795799 .

Lai, C.; Zhong, G.; Yue, Z.; Chen, G.; Zhang, L.; Vakili, A.; Wang, Y.; Zhu, L.; Liu, J.; Fong, H. . Investigation of post-spinning stretching process on morphological, structural, and mechanical properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile copolymer nanofibers . Polymer , 2011 . 52 519 - 528 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.11.044 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2010.11.044 .

Hou, H.; Ge, J. J.; Zeng, J.; Li, Q.; Reneker, D. H.; Greiner, A.; Cheng, S. Z. D. . Electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers containing a high concentration of well-aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes . Chem. Mater. , 2005 . 17 967 - 973 . DOI: 10.1021/cm0484955 http://doi.org/10.1021/cm0484955 .

Cai, J.; Chawla, S.; Naraghi, M. . Microstructural evolution and mechanics of hot-drawn CNT-reinforced polymeric nanofibers . Carbon , 2016 . 109 813 - 822 . DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.08.080 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2016.08.080 .

Li, Y.; Góra, A.; Anariba, F.; Baji, A. . Enhanced tensile strength and electrical conductivity of electrospun polyacrylonitrile yarns via post-treatment . Polym. Compos. , 2019 . 40 1702 - 1707 . DOI: 10.1002/pc.24920 http://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24920 .

Bazbouz, M. B.; Stylios, G. K. . The tensile properties of electrospun nylon 6 single nanofibers . J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. , 2010 . 48 1719 - 1731 . DOI: 10.1002/polb.21993 http://doi.org/10.1002/polb.21993 .

Zussman, E.; Burman, M.; Yarin, A. L.; Khalfin, R.; Cohen, Y. . Tensile deformation of electrospun nylon-6,6 nanofibers . J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. , 2006 . 44 1482 - 1489 . DOI: 10.1002/polb.20803 http://doi.org/10.1002/polb.20803 .

Tan, E. P. S.; Ng, S. Y.; Lim, C. T. . Tensile testing of a single ultrafine polymeric fiber . Biomaterials , 2005 . 26 1453 - 1456 . DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.05.021 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.05.021 .

Jiang, S.; Duan, G.; Zussman, E.; Greiner, A.; Agarwal, S. . Highly flexible and tough concentric triaxial polystyrene fibers . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2014 . 6 5918 - 5923 . DOI: 10.1021/am500837s http://doi.org/10.1021/am500837s .

Chen, L.; Jiang, S.; Chen, J.; Chen, F.; He, Y.; Zhu, Y.; Hou, H. . Single electrospun nanofiber and aligned nanofiber belts from copolyimide containing pyrimidine units . New J. Chem. , 2015 . 39 8956 - 8963 . DOI: 10.1039/C5NJ01941A http://doi.org/10.1039/C5NJ01941A .

浏览量

168

Downloads

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

Submit

工具集

关联资源

Boehmite/Polyacrylonitrile Composite Nanofiber Separator with Enhanced Ionic Conductivity and Thermal Stability for Lithium-Ion Batteries

SOUND ABSORPTION BEHAVIOR OF ELECTROSPUN POLYACRYLONITRILE NANOFIBROUS MEMBRANES

Processing-integrated Machine Learning Models for Predicting and Optimizing Mechanical Properties of Polyimides

UiO-66-functionalized Sandwich Composite Separators for Improved Performance and Safety of Lithium-ion Batteries

Synergistic Bioinspired Interface and Segregated Graphene Oxide Networks Enabling Enhanced Mechanical Strength and Chemical Resistance in Natural Rubber Latex Composites