An Efficient Halogen-free Flame Retardant for Polyethylene: Piperazinemodified Ammonium Polyphosphates with Different Structures

Shi-fu Liao; Cong Deng; Sheng-chao Huang; Jing-yu Cao; Yu-zhong Wang

doi:10.1007/s10118-016-1855-8

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

An Efficient Halogen-free Flame Retardant for Polyethylene: Piperazinemodified Ammonium Polyphosphates with Different Structures

PAPERS | Updated：2021-05-12

- An Efficient Halogen-free Flame Retardant for Polyethylene: Piperazinemodified Ammonium Polyphosphates with Different Structures
- An Efficient Halogen-free Flame Retardant for Polyethylene: Piperazinemodified Ammonium Polyphosphates with Different Structures
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2016年34卷第11期页码：1339-1353
- Affiliations：
  
  Center for Degradable and Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials(Sichuan);Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- Author bio：
  
  Cong Deng(邓聪),E-mail:dengcong@scu.edu.cn
  Yu-zhong Wang(王玉忠),E-mail:yzwang@scu.edu.cn
- Funds：
  
  AAAAA(AAAAA)
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-016-1855-8
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2016-05-25，
  
  修回：2016-6-21，
  
  录用：2016-6-28，
  
  纸质出版：2016-11
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Shi-fu Liao, Cong Deng, Sheng-chao Huang, 等. An Efficient Halogen-free Flame Retardant for Polyethylene: Piperazinemodified Ammonium Polyphosphates with Different Structures[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2016,34(11):1339-1353.

Shi-fu Liao, Cong Deng, Sheng-chao Huang, et al. An Efficient Halogen-free Flame Retardant for Polyethylene: Piperazinemodified Ammonium Polyphosphates with Different Structures[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2016, 34(11): 1339-1353.
Shi-fu Liao, Cong Deng, Sheng-chao Huang, 等. An Efficient Halogen-free Flame Retardant for Polyethylene: Piperazinemodified Ammonium Polyphosphates with Different Structures[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2016,34(11):1339-1353. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-016-1855-8.

Shi-fu Liao, Cong Deng, Sheng-chao Huang, et al. An Efficient Halogen-free Flame Retardant for Polyethylene: Piperazinemodified Ammonium Polyphosphates with Different Structures[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2016, 34(11): 1339-1353. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-016-1855-8.

摘要

Abstract

In this study

piperazine-modified ammonium polyphosphates (PA-APPs) with hierarchical structure were synthesized through ion exchange reaction.

H nuclear magnetic resonance (

H-NMR)

Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR)

elemental analysis (EA)

and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) confirmed that the PA-APPs with different structures were prepared successfully. Then these flame retardants were used alone as monocomponent intumescent flame retardant for low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Combustion tests demonstrated that the flameretardant efficiency of PA-APP containing about 7 wt% carbon (PA-APP

) was significantly higher than that of the other PAAPPs with more or less carbon. The flame-retarded LDPE system with 30 wt% PA-APP

passed the UL-94 V-0 rating

and had the oxygen index (LOI) of 33.0%. Thermal analysis illustrated that the thermal decomposition behavior of PA-APP changed with incorporating different contents of PA. For all these PA-APPs

PA-APP

showed higher thermal stability than the other PA-APP flame retardants. All the experimental results proved that PA-APP

could reach the balance of an acid source

a blowing source

and a charring source as a mono-component intumescent flame retardant for LDPE. Further

it led to the formation of a compact intumescent char layer containing the structures of rich P-O-P

P-N-C

C=C

etc. during burning which in turn resulted in the excellent flame-retardant efficiency of PA-APP

关键词

Keywords

references

D. Abraham, , K.E. George, , Francis, D. Joseph . . Eur. Polym. J. , 1990 . 26 197 DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(90)90188-A http://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(90)90188-A .

A. Ajji, , P. Sammut, , M.A. Huneault, . . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2003 . 88 3070 DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628 http://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628 .

H. Gao, , S. Hu, , H. Han, , J. Zhang, . . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2011 . 122 3263 DOI: 10.1002/app.34398 http://doi.org/10.1002/app.34398 .

S. Bourbigot, , S. Duquesne, . . J. Mater. Chem. , 2007 . 17 2283 DOI: 10.1039/b702511d http://doi.org/10.1039/b702511d .

X.P. Hu, , W.Y. Li, , Y.Z. Wang, . . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2004 . 94 1556 DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628 http://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628 .

F. Xie, , Y.Z. Wang, , B. Yang, , Y. Liu, . . Macromol. Mater. Eng. , 2006 . 291 247 DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1439-2054 http://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1439-2054 .

H. Azizi, , J. Barzin, , J. Morshedian, . . Express Polym. Lett. , 2007 . 1 378 DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2007.53 http://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2007.53 .

S. Bourbigot, , Bras, M. Le , S. Duquesne, , M. Rochery, . . Macromol. Mater. Eng. , 2004 . 289 499 DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1439-2054 http://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1439-2054 .

U. Hippi, , J. Mattila, , M. Korhonen, , J. Seppälä, . . Polymer , 2003 . 44 1193 DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00856-X http://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00856-X .

K. Lu, , X. Cao, , Q. Liang, , H. Wang, , X. Cui, , Y. Li, . . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 2014 . 53 8784 DOI: 10.1021/ie5008147 http://doi.org/10.1021/ie5008147 .

Y. Gao, , J. Wu, , Q. Wang, , C.A. Wilkie, , D. O'Hare, . . J. Mater. Chem. A. , 2014 . 2 10996 DOI: 10.1039/c4ta01030b http://doi.org/10.1039/c4ta01030b .

A. Witkowski, , A.A. Stec, , T.R. Hull, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 2012 . 97 2231 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.08.003 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.08.003 .

L. Shi, , D.Q. Li, , J.R. Wang, , S.F. Li, , D.G. Evans, , X. Duan, . . Clays Clay Miner. , 2005 . 53 294 DOI: 10.1346/CCMN.2005.0530309 http://doi.org/10.1346/CCMN.2005.0530309 .

U. Braun, , B. Schartel, , M.A. Fichera, , C. Jaeger, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 2007 . 92 1528 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.05.007 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.05.007 .

P. Mueller, , O. Fuhr, , M. Doering, . . Heteroat. Chem , 2013 . 24 252 DOI: 10.1002/hc.2013.24.issue-4 http://doi.org/10.1002/hc.2013.24.issue-4 .

T. Zhang, , H. Yan, , L. Shen, , Z. Fang, , X. Zhang, , J. Wang, , B. Zhang, . . RSC Adv. , 2014 . 4 48285 DOI: 10.1039/C4RA09243K http://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA09243K .

G. Huang, , J. Yang, , X. Wang, , J. Gao, , H. Liang, . . J. Mater. Chem. A. , 2013 . 1 1677 DOI: 10.1039/C2TA00246A http://doi.org/10.1039/C2TA00246A .

S. Molyneux, , A.A. Stec, , T.R. Hull, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 2014 . 106 36 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.09.013 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.09.013 .

M. Rakotomalala, , S. Wagner, , M. Doering, . . Mater. , 2010 . 3 4300 DOI: 10.3390/ma3084300 http://doi.org/10.3390/ma3084300 .

K.T. Paul, , T.R. Hull, , K. Lebek, , A.A. Stec, . . Fire Saf. J. , 2008 . 43 243 DOI: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2007.10.003 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2007.10.003 .

D. Wang, , Y. Liu, , D.Y. Wang, , C.X. Zhao, , Y.R. Mou, , Y.Z. Wang, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 2007 . 92 1555 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.05.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.05.001 .

X.Q. Liu, , D.Y. Wang, , X.L. Wang, , L. Chen, , Y.Z. Wang, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 2011 . 96 771 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.02.022 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.02.022 .

M. Ciesielski, , A. Schaefer, , M. Doering, . . Polym. Adv. Technol. , 2008 . 19 507 .

S. Bourbigot, , Bras, M. Le , F. Dabrowski, , J.W. Gilman, , T. Kashiwagi, . . Fire Mater. , 2000 . 24 201 DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1018 http://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1018 .

N. Tian, , X. Wen, , Z. Jiang, , J. Gong, , Y. Wang, , J. Xue, , T. Tang, . . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 2013 . 52 10905 DOI: 10.1021/ie401058u http://doi.org/10.1021/ie401058u .

B. Li, , H. Jia, , L. Guan, , B. Bing, , J. Dai, . . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2009 . 114 3626 DOI: 10.1002/app.v114:6 http://doi.org/10.1002/app.v114:6 .

B. Wang, , X. Qian, , Y. Shi, , B. Yu, , N. Hong, , L. Song, , Y. Hu, . . Composites Part B , 2015 . 69 22 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.09.015 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.09.015 .

S. Nie, , M. Zhang, , S. Yuan, , G. Dai, , N. Hong, , L. Song, , Y. Hu, , X. Liu, . . J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. , 2011 . 109 999 .

G. Camino, , L. Costa, , L. Trossarelli, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 1985 . 12 203 DOI: 10.1016/0141-3910(85)90089-8 http://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(85)90089-8 .

G. Camino, , L. Costa, , di Cortemiglia, M.P. Luda . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 1991 . 33 131 DOI: 10.1016/0141-3910(91)90014-I http://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(91)90014-I .

B. Li, , M. Xu, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 2006 . 91 1380 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.07.020 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.07.020 .

S. Nie, , Y. Hu, , L. Song, , Q. He, , D. Yang, , H. Chen, . . Polym. Adv. Technol. , 2008 . 19 1077 DOI: 10.1002/pat.v19:8 http://doi.org/10.1002/pat.v19:8 .

Z.B. Shao, , C. Deng, , Y. Tan, , M.J. Chen, , L. Chen, , Y.Z. Wang, . . ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2014 . 6 7363 DOI: 10.1021/am500789q http://doi.org/10.1021/am500789q .

Z.B. Shao, , C. Deng, , Y. Tan, , L. Yu, , M.J. Chen, , L. Chen, , Y.Z. Wang, . . J. Mater. Chem. A. , 2014 . 2 13955 DOI: 10.1039/C4TA02778G http://doi.org/10.1039/C4TA02778G .

Z.B. Shao, , C. Deng, , Y. Tan, , M.J. Chen, , L. Chen, , Y.Z. Wang, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 2014 . 106 88 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.10.005 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.10.005 .

H.E. Gottlieb, , V. Kotlyar, , A. Nudelman, . . J. Org. Chem. , 1997 . 62 7512 DOI: 10.1021/jo971176v http://doi.org/10.1021/jo971176v .

Z.P. Wu, , W.Y. Shu, , Y.C. Hu, . . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2007 . 103 3667 DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628 http://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628 .

C. Deng, , J. Zhao, , C.L. Deng, , Q. Lv, , L. Chen, , Y.Z. Wang, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 2014 . 103 1 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.03.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.03.001 .

G. Liu, , W. Chen, , J. Yu, . . Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , 2010 . 49 12148 DOI: 10.1021/ie1014102 http://doi.org/10.1021/ie1014102 .

G. Camino, , L. Costa, , L. Trossarelli, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 1985 . 12 213 DOI: 10.1016/0141-3910(85)90090-4 http://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(85)90090-4 .

Y.W. Yan, , L. Chen, , R.K. Jian, , S. Kong, , Y.Z. Wang, . . Polym. Degrad. Stab. , 2012 . 97 1423 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.05.013 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.05.013 .

C.L. Deng, , C. Deng, , J. Zhao, , R.M. Li, , W.H. Fang, , Y.Z. Wang, . . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2015 . 33 203 DOI: 10.1007/s10118-015-1575-5 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-015-1575-5 .

浏览量

Downloads

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

Submit

工具集

关联资源

Upgrading Commercially Available Polyethylene to High-value Materials with Strong Mechanical Performance and Hydrophilicity by Blending with Ethylene/meta-Methoxystyrene Copolymers

Molecularly Engineered Polyimide Films with Switchable Cavitation for Bidirectional Passive Thermal Regulation

Modulating Molecular Weight of Polyethylenes from Oligomer to Polymer Using Highly Thermal Stable Cationic α-Diimine Palladium Complexes

Effect of Graphene/Nickel-iron Layered Double Hydroxide Hybrids on the Thermal Decomposition and Flame Retardancy of Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene Copolymer Composites

Molecular Segregation and Melt Memory in Dilute Polycaprolactone with Reduced Entanglements