Photo-crosslinked Second-order Nonlinear Optical Polymer Films with Large Nonlinear Optical Effect and High Thermostability

Pan-Pan Qiao; Qian-Qian Li; Zhen Li

doi:10.1007/s10118-026-3579-8

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Photo-crosslinked Second-order Nonlinear Optical Polymer Films with Large Nonlinear Optical Effect and High Thermostability

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2026-03-26

- Photo-crosslinked Second-order Nonlinear Optical Polymer Films with Large Nonlinear Optical Effect and High Thermostability
- Photo-crosslinked Second-order Nonlinear Optical Polymer Films with Large Nonlinear Optical Effect and High Thermostability
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2026年44卷第4期页码：1007-1016
- Affiliations：
  
  a.Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
  b.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
- Author bio：
  
  liqianqian@whu.edu.cn (Q.Q.L.)
  lizhen@whu.edu.cn (Z.L.)
- Funds：
  
  This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22235006 and 22475157), Foundation of Hubei Scientific Committee (Nos. 2024 AFA021 and 2024BAB014), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2042025kf0009).;Zhen Li is an editorial board member for Chinese Journal of Polymer Science and was not involved in the editorial review or decision to publish this article. The authors declare no interest conflict.Electronic supplementary information (ESI) is available free of charge in the online version of this article at http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-026-3579-8.Data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Author’s contact information: liqianqian@whu.edu.cn, lizhen@whu.edu.cn.
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-026-3579-8
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-11-21，
  
  修回：2026-01-13，
  
  录用：2026-01-17，
  
  网络首发：2026-03-03，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-05
- Accepted：
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Qiao, P. P.; Li, Q. Q.; Li, Z. Photo-crosslinked second-order nonlinear optical polymer films with large nonlinear optical effect and high thermostability. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 1007–1016

Pan-Pan Qiao, Qian-Qian Li, Zhen Li. Photo-crosslinked Second-order Nonlinear Optical Polymer Films with Large Nonlinear Optical Effect and High Thermostability[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(4): 1007-1016.
Qiao, P. P.; Li, Q. Q.; Li, Z. Photo-crosslinked second-order nonlinear optical polymer films with large nonlinear optical effect and high thermostability. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 1007–1016 DOI： 10.1007/s10118-026-3579-8.

Pan-Pan Qiao, Qian-Qian Li, Zhen Li. Photo-crosslinked Second-order Nonlinear Optical Polymer Films with Large Nonlinear Optical Effect and High Thermostability[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(4): 1007-1016. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-026-3579-8.

摘要

The nonlinearity-stability trade-off was resolved through the incorporation of multiple ether chains and photo-crosslinking network

which not only lowered the energy barriers to promote molecular rotation during electric poling

but also allowed the subsequent formation of optimized chromophore alignment with high stability.

Abstract

One of the most significant challenges in commercializing organic second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials lies in the inherent trade-off between nonlinearity and stability. A key factor in mitigating this compromise is achieving precise temporal synchronization between the formation of the cross-linked network and the establishment of an optimal non-centrosymmetric alignment of the chromophores. Guided by this principle

we developed a series of NLO polymers incorporating multiple ether chains with low rotational energy barriers

which facilitate molecular reorientation during electric field poling

thereby enhancing the NLO response effectively. Combined with an optimized photo-crosslinking strategy

the resulting

PX4o/PETMP

doped film achieved large macroscopic NLO coefficient of 190 pm·V

−1

and thermal degradation temperature as high as 120  °C. This work offers a universal approach to alleviating the “nonlinearity-stability” trade-off in a wide range of polymeric systems.

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Keywords

references

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