Synergistically Enhanced Time-resolved Dual-mode Emission in Flexible Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films for Dynamic Information Encryption

Xiao-Ya Liu; Jin-Fang Liu; Ahmed Olalekan Omoniyi; Jian-Fu Zhang

doi:10.1007/s10118-026-3717-3

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Synergistically Enhanced Time-resolved Dual-mode Emission in Flexible Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films for Dynamic Information Encryption

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2026-09-23

- Synergistically Enhanced Time-resolved Dual-mode Emission in Flexible Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films for Dynamic Information Encryption
- Synergistically Enhanced Time-resolved Dual-mode Emission in Flexible Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films for Dynamic Information Encryption
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2026年44卷第10期页码：3476-3489
- Affiliations：
  
  a.Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Centre of Optical Materials and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
  b.Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Author bio：
  
  zhangjianfu@cust.edu.cn
- Funds：
  
  This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22275023). J.L. is grateful for the support of the Jilin Science and Technology Association (No. BST202511). J.Z. and X.L. also acknowledge the National Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship (No. 202510186037).;The authors declare no interest conflict.Electronic supplementary information (ESI) is available free of charge in the online version of this article at http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-026-3717-3.Data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Contact information for the authors: zhangjianfu@cust.edu.cn.
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-026-3717-3
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2026-02-20，
  
  录用：2026-04-16，
  
  网络首发：2026-07-01，
  
  纸质出版：2026-10-05
- Accepted：
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Liu, X. Y.; Liu, J. F.; Omoniyi, A. O.; Zhang, J. F. Synergistically enhanced time-resolved dual-mode emission in flexible poly(vinyl alcohol) films for dynamic information encryption. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 3476–3489

Xiao-Ya Liu, Jin-Fang Liu, Ahmed Olalekan Omoniyi, et al. Synergistically Enhanced Time-resolved Dual-mode Emission in Flexible Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films for Dynamic Information Encryption[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(10): 3476-3489.
Liu, X. Y.; Liu, J. F.; Omoniyi, A. O.; Zhang, J. F. Synergistically enhanced time-resolved dual-mode emission in flexible poly(vinyl alcohol) films for dynamic information encryption. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 3476–3489 DOI： 10.1007/s10118-026-3717-3.

Xiao-Ya Liu, Jin-Fang Liu, Ahmed Olalekan Omoniyi, et al. Synergistically Enhanced Time-resolved Dual-mode Emission in Flexible Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films for Dynamic Information Encryption[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(10): 3476-3489. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-026-3717-3.

摘要

This study proposes a three-component strategy for fabricating flexible RTP thin films. The core innovation is to achieve time gating and multi-level information encryption through an adjustable lifetime and color evolution.

Abstract

Long-lived room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) films are attractive for information encryption

yet binary host-guest polymer systems often suffer from weak afterglow and limited operational reliability. In this study

we developed a ternary RTP system using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as the host matrix

coumarin derivatives as the emissive guests

and a third component

boric acids (BA/3-BBA)

tannic acid (TA)

or metal salts (Ca

)

to regulate triplet-state generation and stabilization. Structural analysis confirmed the guest incorporation and borate network formation. Guest loading decreased the visible transmittance

whereas borate crosslinking partially restored the transparency and improved the thermal integrity (main decomposition near 430 °C). The films exhibit good mechanical performance (for PVA-A: 32.70 MPa tensile strength; 245.60 MPa modulus; and 63.82 MJ·m

–3

toughness)

while crosslinking/coordination increases stiffness (up to 1479.55 MPa modulus for PVA-A-TA). The introduction of the third component enhanced the RTP and photolumin

escence quantum yield (PLQY)

except for Mn

which induced quenching. The materials also demonstrated reversible moisture response and good UV stability. Leveraging time-gated afterglow

multi-level information encryption is achieved using dynamic digit displays and an ASCII matrix with decoy and delayed outputs. This ternary strategy enables the practical optimization of PVA-based flexible RTP materials for high-security anti-counterfeiting and information encryption applications.

关键词

Keywords

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