Ultralight and Anisotropic Heterocyclic <italic style="font-style: italic">Para</italic>-aramid Nanofiber/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy

Wen-Wen Wu; Jian-Xun Shang; Na Li; Yan Wang; Jun-Rong Yu; Zu-Ming Hu

doi:10.1007/s10118-025-3256-3

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Ultralight and Anisotropic Heterocyclic Para-aramid Nanofiber/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2024-12-31

- Ultralight and Anisotropic Heterocyclic Para-aramid Nanofiber/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy
- Ultralight and Anisotropic Heterocyclic Para-aramid Nanofiber/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy
- 高分子科学（英文） 2025年43卷第1期页码：141-152
- Affiliations：
  
  a.State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  b.Jiangsu Nantong Junyuan New Material Co., Ltd., Nantong 226000, China
- Author bio：
  
  yjr@dhu.edu.cn
- Funds：
  
  This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2021YFB3700103).;Electronic supplementary information (ESI) is available free of charge in the online version of this article at http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-025-3256-3.
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-025-3256-3
  中图分类号：
- 收稿日期：2024-05-12，
  
  修回日期：2024-10-05，
  
  录用日期：2024-10-21，
  
  网络出版日期：2024-12-11，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-01-01
- Accepted：
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Wu, W. W.; Shang, J. X.; Li, N.; Wang, Y.; Yu, J. R.; Hu, Z. M. Ultralight and anisotropic heterocyclic para-aramid nanofiber/reduced graphene oxide composite aerogel for efficient thermal insulation and flame retardancy. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2025, 43, 141–152

Wen-Wen Wu, Jian-Xun Shang, Na Li, et al. Ultralight and Anisotropic Heterocyclic Para-aramid Nanofiber/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy[J]. Chinese journal of polymer science, 2025, 43(1): 141-152.
Wu, W. W.; Shang, J. X.; Li, N.; Wang, Y.; Yu, J. R.; Hu, Z. M. Ultralight and anisotropic heterocyclic para-aramid nanofiber/reduced graphene oxide composite aerogel for efficient thermal insulation and flame retardancy. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2025, 43, 141–152 DOI： 10.1007/s10118-025-3256-3.

Wen-Wen Wu, Jian-Xun Shang, Na Li, et al. Ultralight and Anisotropic Heterocyclic Para-aramid Nanofiber/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy[J]. Chinese journal of polymer science, 2025, 43(1): 141-152. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-025-3256-3.

摘要

The anisotropic structure endows the HPAN/rGO composite aerogel with anisotropic mechanical and thermal-insulation properties. In addition

the composite aerogels exhibit good flame retardancy. Therefore

the HPAN/rGO composite aerogels with ultralight

porous

good thermal stability

and flame retardancy have broad application prospects for thermal insulation applications in extremely harsh environments.

Abstract

The demand for anisotropic aerogels with excellent comprehensive properties in cutting-edge fields such as aerospace is growing. Based on the above background

a novel heterocyclic p

ara-aramid nanofiber/reduced graphene oxide (HPAN/rGO) composite aerogel was prepared by combining electrospinning and unidirectional freeze-drying. The anisotropic HPAN/rGO composite aerogel exhibited a honeycomb morphology in the direction perpendicular to the growth of ice crystals

and a through-well structure of directed microchannels in the direction parallel to the temperature gradient. By varying the mass ratio of HPAN/rGO

a composite aerogel with an ultra-low density of 5.34−7.81 mg·cm

−3

and an ultra-high porosity of 98%−99% was obtained. Benefiting from the anisotropic structure

the radial and axial thermal conductivities of HPAN/rGO-3 composite aerogel were 29.37 and 44.35 mW·m

−1

·K

−1

respectively. A combination of software simulation and experiments was used to analyze the effect of anisotropic structures on the thermal insulation properties of aerogels. Moreover

due to the intrinsic self-extinguishing properties of heterocyclic para-aramid and the protection of the graphene carbon layer

the composite aerogel also exhibits excellent flame retardancy properties

and its total heat release rate (THR) was only 5.8 kJ·g

−1

which is far superior to many reported aerogels. Therefore

ultralight anisotropic HPAN/rGO composite aerogels with excellent high-temperature thermal insulation and flame retardancy properties have broad application prospects in complex environments such as aerospace.

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Ultralight and Anisotropic Heterocyclic Para-aramid Nanofiber/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy

Ultralight and Anisotropic Heterocyclic Para-aramid Nanofiber/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Aerogel for Efficient Thermal Insulation and Flame Retardancy

DOI：10.1007/s10118-025-3256-3

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references