Bipolar and NIR-responsive Polyurethane Microspheres as a Bifunctional Adsorbent for Simultaneous Capture of Bacteria and Removal of Dyes

Shi-Fan Chen; Jia-Lin Su; Si-Xian Zhang; Zhen Hu; Jian-Xu Bao; Xia-Yu Cha; Wei-Feng Zhao; Chang-Sheng Zhao

doi:10.1007/s10118-025-3536-y

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Bipolar and NIR-responsive Polyurethane Microspheres as a Bifunctional Adsorbent for Simultaneous Capture of Bacteria and Removal of Dyes

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2026-01-30

- Bipolar and NIR-responsive Polyurethane Microspheres as a Bifunctional Adsorbent for Simultaneous Capture of Bacteria and Removal of Dyes
- Bipolar and NIR-responsive Polyurethane Microspheres as a Bifunctional Adsorbent for Simultaneous Capture of Bacteria and Removal of Dyes
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2026年44卷第2期页码：315-330
- Affiliations：
  
  a.College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
  b.Radiation Chemistry Department, Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy, Chengdu 610101, China
  c.Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Author bio：
  
  weifeng@scu.edu.cn (W.F.Z.)
  zhaochsh70@scu.edu.cn (C.S.Z.)
- Funds：
  
  This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52473139 and U21A2098). We extend our gratitude to all group members for their generous assistance.;Electronic supplementary information (ESI) is available free of charge in the online version of this article at http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-025-3536-y.2026 Rising Scholar: Wei-Feng Zhao received his Ph.D. from Sichuan University (2014) and KTH Royal Institute of Technology (2025). Since then, he has been working at Sichuan University, where he is currently a Professor (2020). His research interests include polymer functionalization, and blood-contacting materials. He has presided over more than 20 projects, and more than 130 papers have been published in journals such as Nature Materials, Nature Biomedical Engineering.
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-025-3536-y
  中图分类号： [M
- 收稿：2025-10-22，
  
  录用：2025-12-16，
  
  网络出版：2026-01-22，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-05
- Accepted：
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Chen, S. F.; Su, J. L.; Zhang, S. X.; Hu, Z.; Bao, J. X.; Cha, X. Y.; Zhao, W. F.; Zhao, C. S. Bipolar and NIR-responsive polyurethane microspheres as a bifunctional adsorbent for simultaneous capture of bacteria and removal of dyes. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 315–330

Shi-Fan Chen, Jia-Lin Su, Si-Xian Zhang, et al. Bipolar and NIR-responsive Polyurethane Microspheres as a Bifunctional Adsorbent for Simultaneous Capture of Bacteria and Removal of Dyes[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(2): 315-330.
Chen, S. F.; Su, J. L.; Zhang, S. X.; Hu, Z.; Bao, J. X.; Cha, X. Y.; Zhao, W. F.; Zhao, C. S. Bipolar and NIR-responsive polyurethane microspheres as a bifunctional adsorbent for simultaneous capture of bacteria and removal of dyes. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 315–330 DOI： 10.1007/s10118-025-3536-y.

Shi-Fan Chen, Jia-Lin Su, Si-Xian Zhang, et al. Bipolar and NIR-responsive Polyurethane Microspheres as a Bifunctional Adsorbent for Simultaneous Capture of Bacteria and Removal of Dyes[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(2): 315-330. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-025-3536-y.

摘要

Intelligent polyurethane microspheres (termed as PUCD) integrate bipolar sites for broad-spectrum dye adsorption and a near-infrared (NIR)-triggered ‘pore-closure’ mechanism for

in situ

bacterial capture

enabling the safe and simultaneous decontamination of hospital wastewater.

Abstract

Hospital wastewater contains complex pollutants

including residual organic dyes and antibiotic-resistant pathogens

posing severe risks to ecosystems and human health. Conventional adsorbents

constrained by monopolar functional groups and limited surface sites

fail to remove both pollutants simultaneously. Here

we report an intelligent responsive polyurethane microsphere adsorbent doped with diallyl dimethylammonium chloride modified carbon nanotubes

termed as PUCD microspheres. The PUCD integrates bipolar adsorption sites

tunable micrometer-scale pores

and a near-infrared (NIR)-triggered

in situ

capture mechanism within a single platform

which achieves up to 98.3% dye removal

maintains strong adsorption performance across a wide pH range and retains 83.3% efficiency for rhodamine B after five cycles. Notably

the PUCD employs a temperature-responsive phase transition: under NIR irradiation

the microspheres undergo shrinkage

reducing the pore size to generate a ‘polymer trap’

enabling

in situ

capture of bacteria with

99% efficiencies for both

Staphylococcus aureus

and

Escherichia coli

. By immobilizing live bacteria

the PUCD microspheres substantially reduces the risk of pathogen desorption and toxin relea

se. This promising platform offers a safe

efficient

and single-stage strategy for hospital wastewater purification

enabling the simultaneous elimination of dyes and pathogenic bacteria.

关键词

Keywords

references

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