A Bisphosphonic Acid-functionalized Carbazole for Dual Hydrophilic Interfaces toward Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells

Chun-Hui Liu; Yu-Chen Lian; Jia-Li Song; Xiao-Peng Duan; Zhen Wang; Yan-Ming Sun

doi:10.1007/s10118-025-3512-6

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A Bisphosphonic Acid-functionalized Carbazole for Dual Hydrophilic Interfaces toward Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2026-03-26

- A Bisphosphonic Acid-functionalized Carbazole for Dual Hydrophilic Interfaces toward Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells
- A Bisphosphonic Acid-functionalized Carbazole for Dual Hydrophilic Interfaces toward Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2026年44卷第4期页码：950-958
- Affiliations：
  
  a.School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
  b.Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 311115, China
- Author bio：
  
  zhenwang@buaa.edu.cn (Z.W.)
  sunym@buaa.edu.cn (Y.M.S.)
- Funds：
  
  This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFB4200400), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. W2511056, 52503289 and 52333005), and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. Z230018), the Academic Excellence Foundation of BUAA for PhD Students.;The authors declare no interest conflict.Electronic supplementary information (ESI) is available free of charge in the online version of this article at http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-025-3512-6.The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-025-3512-6
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-10-13，
  
  录用：2025-11-25，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-13，
  
  纸质出版：2026-04-05
- Accepted：
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Liu, C. H.; Lian, Y. C.; Song, J. L.; Duan, X. P.; Wang, Z.; Sun, Y. M. A bisphosphonic acid-functionalized carbazole for dual hydrophilic interfaces toward efficient and stable organic solar cells. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 950–958

Chun-Hui Liu, Yu-Chen Lian, Jia-Li Song, et al. A Bisphosphonic Acid-functionalized Carbazole for Dual Hydrophilic Interfaces toward Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(4): 950-958.
Liu, C. H.; Lian, Y. C.; Song, J. L.; Duan, X. P.; Wang, Z.; Sun, Y. M. A bisphosphonic acid-functionalized carbazole for dual hydrophilic interfaces toward efficient and stable organic solar cells. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 950–958 DOI： 10.1007/s10118-025-3512-6.

Chun-Hui Liu, Yu-Chen Lian, Jia-Li Song, et al. A Bisphosphonic Acid-functionalized Carbazole for Dual Hydrophilic Interfaces toward Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(4): 950-958. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-025-3512-6.

摘要

Bisphosphonic acid-functionalized carbazole derivatives were synthesized and used to construct bilayer hole-transporting layers

providing a high efficiency of 19.44% and high thermal stability in organic solar cells.

Abstract

Carbazole derivatives with a single phosphonic acid (PA) group are widely used as monolayer interfaces in perovskites and organic solar cells (OSCs). However

their hydrophilic nature renders ITO electrodes hydrophobic

limiting further applications. In this study

a novel carbazole-based compound functionalized with two PA groups

denoted 2PACz-D1

was designed to create a dual hydrophilic interface. This configuration enables the formation of a bilayer hole-transporting layer (HTL). Specifically

one PA group anchors to the ITO electrode

while the other generates a secondary hydrophilic surface. This allows the subsequent deposition of hydrophilic PEDOT:PSS

forming a protective bilayer HTL that shields ITO from corrosive acidic polymers. The OSCs incorporating this bilayer HTL achieved a power conversion efficiency of 19.44% and exhibited improved thermal stability compared to devices with a single HTL. This work demonstrates the potential of bis-PA carbazole derivatives for tailoring the HTL surface properties

offering promising opportunities for various organic electronic devices.

关键词

Keywords

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