Investigation of Durable Wettability of Polyethylene Separators <italic style="font-style: italic">via</italic> Continuous Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment with Ar/O<sub>2</sub>/Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane

Jie Cui; Li Shao; Hao-Zhe Wang; Cheng-Ran Du; Jing Zhang

doi:10.1007/s10118-026-3569-x

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Investigation of Durable Wettability of Polyethylene Separators via Continuous Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment with Ar/O₂/Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2026-03-26

- Investigation of Durable Wettability of Polyethylene Separators via Continuous Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment with Ar/O₂/Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science Vol. 44, Issue 4, Pages: 1126-1141(2026)
- Affiliations：
  
  a.College of Physics, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  b.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  c.Textile Key Laboratory for Advanced Plasma Technology and Application, China National Textile & Apparel Council, Shanghai 201620, China
  d.Magnetic Confinement Fusion Research Center, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai 201620, China
- Author bio：
  
  chengran.du@dhu.edu.cn (C.R.D.)
  jingzh@dhu.edu.cn (J.Z.)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-026-3569-x
  CLC：
- Received：17 October 2025，
  
  Accepted：12 January 2026，
  
  Online First：10 March 2026，
  
  Published：05 April 2026
- Accepted：
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Cui, J.; Shao, L.; Wang, H. Z.; Du, C. R.; Zhang, J. Investigation of durable wettability of polyethylene separators via continuous atmospheric pressure plasma treatment with Ar/O₂/tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 1126–1141 DOI: 10.1007/s10118-026-3569-x.

Jie Cui, Li Shao, Hao-Zhe Wang, et al. Investigation of Durable Wettability of Polyethylene Separators via Continuous Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment with Ar/O₂/Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(4): 1126-1141. DOI: 10.1007/s10118-026-3569-x.
Cui, J.; Shao, L.; Wang, H. Z.; Du, C. R.; Zhang, J. Investigation of durable wettability of polyethylene separators via continuous atmospheric pressure plasma treatment with Ar/O₂/tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 1126–1141 DOI: 10.1007/s10118-026-3569-x. DOI：

Jie Cui, Li Shao, Hao-Zhe Wang, et al. Investigation of Durable Wettability of Polyethylene Separators via Continuous Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment with Ar/O₂/Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(4): 1126-1141. DOI: 10.1007/s10118-026-3569-x. DOI：

摘要

Continuous Ar/O

/TMCTS atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment enables durable wettability of polyethylene separators. After 30 s treatment

the electrolyte diffusion area increases by 17.5-fold and remains over 14-fold after 90 days. En

hanced wettability leads to higher ionic conductivity and reduced charge-transfer resistance.

Abstract

The rapid decay of the surface wettability of plasma-treated polymers remains a critical limita

tion for their practical application in advanced materials. This study introduces a continuous atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) technique for fabricating polyethylene (PE) separators with durable wettability

and elucidates the underlying mechanism. A systematic comparison of APP treatments with non-deposition and deposition gases

including Ar

Ar/O

Ar/tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TMCTS)

and Ar/O

/TMCTS

revealed the key impact factors in achieving durable wettability. Owing to the synergistic interactions of SiO

nanoparticulate deposition

physical etching

and oxidative functionalization

the PE separator treated by Ar/O

/TMCTS exhibited a 17.5-fold electrolyte wetting area compared to the original one. The improved surface energy and roughness of the SiO

nanoparticle coating enhanced its electrochemical performance. The ionic conductivity increased by 1.9 times

while the charge transfer resistance decreased by 73.7%. Remarkably

owing to further oxidation of the SiO

nanoparticle coating and the increase in its silica-like structure

the wetting area of the Ar/O

/TMCTS-treated separator was still over 14-fold larger than that of the original separator after aging for 90 days. This study demonstrates an eco-friendly and scalable approach for fabricating high-performance battery separators and provides mechanistic insights into durable wettability by APP.

关键词

Keywords

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Investigation of Durable Wettability of Polyethylene Separators via Continuous Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment with Ar/O2/Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane

DOI：10.1007/s10118-026-3569-x

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

Investigation of Durable Wettability of Polyethylene Separators via Continuous Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment with Ar/O₂/Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane