Structural and Rheological Properties of PP/EPR/PE Alloys

Jia-Qi Zhang; Yan-Jie Zhang; Chun-Yu Zhang; Quan Chen

doi:10.1007/s10118-022-2849-3

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Structural and Rheological Properties of PP/EPR/PE Alloys

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2023-01-06

- Structural and Rheological Properties of PP/EPR/PE Alloys
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science Vol. 41, Issue 2, Pages: 240-249(2023)
- Affiliations：
  
  a.State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
  b.University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
  c.School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- Author bio：
  
  cyzhang@qust.edu.cn (C.Y.Z.)
  qchen@ciac.ac.cn (Q.C.)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-022-2849-3
  CLC：
- Received：06 June 2022，
  
  Revised：2022-7-19，
  
  Accepted：22 July 2022，
  
  Online First：22 September 2022，
  
  Published：01 February 2023
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Zhang, J. Q.; Zhang, Y. J.; Zhang, C. Y.; Chen, Q. Structural and rheological properties of PP/EPR/PE alloys. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2023, 41, 240–249

Jia-Qi Zhang, Yan-Jie Zhang, Chun-Yu Zhang, et al. Structural and Rheological Properties of PP/EPR/PE Alloys[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2023, 41(2): 240-249.
Zhang, J. Q.; Zhang, Y. J.; Zhang, C. Y.; Chen, Q. Structural and rheological properties of PP/EPR/PE alloys. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2023, 41, 240–249 DOI： 10.1007/s10118-022-2849-3.

Jia-Qi Zhang, Yan-Jie Zhang, Chun-Yu Zhang, et al. Structural and Rheological Properties of PP/EPR/PE Alloys[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2023, 41(2): 240-249. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-022-2849-3.

摘要

In this study

we found that either the linear viscoelasticity or the non-linear damping behavior of PP alloys was controlled by two relaxation processes

i.e.

the fast relaxation process of PP chains and the slow relaxation process of the EPR/PE-rich domains.

Abstract

Linear and non-linear rheological properties were examined for in-reactor alloy samples composed of isotactic polypropylene (

PP)

ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR)

and polyethylene (PE). The samples were prepared through two- or three-stage sequential polymerization

where

as the majority

was synthesized in the first stage

and either EPR or PE

as the minority

was synthesized in the second or third stage. Above

of both PE and

the linear viscoelasticity shows two relaxation processes

where the fast and slow processes are attributable to the relaxation of the

PP component and that of the EPR/PE domains

respectively. Both the damping behavior upon applying the step-strain measurements and the shear-thinning behavior under the shear-rate sweep measurements are strongly related to the different degrees of non-linearity of the two relaxation processes.

关键词

Keywords

references

Eagan, J. M.; Xu, J.; Di Girolamo, R.; Thurber, C. M.; Macosko, C. W.; LaPointe, A. M.; Bates, F. S.; Coates, G. W . Combining polyethylene and polypropylene: enhanced performance with PE/ i PP multiblock polymers . Science , 2017 . 355 814 - 816 . DOI: 10.1126/science.aah5744 http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aah5744 .

Malpass, D. B.; Band, E . Introduction to polymers of propylene . Introduction to Industrial Polypropylene: Properties, Catalysis, Processes , 2012 . 1 - 18 . .

Urdampilleta, I.; González, A.; Iruin, J. J.; de La Cal, J. C.; Asua, J. M . Morphology of high impact polypropylene particles . Macromolecules , 2005 . 38 2795 - 2801 . DOI: 10.1021/ma047413v http://doi.org/10.1021/ma047413v .

Tan, H.; Li, L.; Chen, Z.; Song, Y.; Zheng, Q . Phase morphology and impact toughness of impact polypropylene copolymer . Polymer , 2005 . 46 3522 - 3527 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.02.088 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.02.088 .

Greco, R.; Mancarella, C.; Martuscelli, E.; Ragosta, G.; Jinghua, Y. Polyolefin blends .2 . Effect of EPR composition on structure, morphology and mechanical-properties of iPP/EPR alloys . Polymer , 1987 . 28 1929 - 1936 . DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(87)90302-8 http://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(87)90302-8 .

Galli, P.; Haylock, J . Continuing initiator system developments provide a new horizon for polyolefin quality and properties . Prog. Polym. Sci. , 1991 . 16 443 - 462 . DOI: 10.1016/0079-6700(91)90025-G http://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6700(91)90025-G .

Song, S.; Feng, J.; Wu, P.; Yang, Y . Shear-enhanced crystallization in impact-resistant polypropylene copolymer: influence of compositional heterogeneity and phase structure . Macromolecules , 2009 . 42 7067 - 7078 . DOI: 10.1021/ma9004764 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma9004764 .

Hu, D. D.; Ye, S. B.; Yu, F.; Feng, J. C . Further understanding on the three domains of isotactic polypropylene by investigating the crystalline morphologies evolution after treatment at different domains . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2016 . 34 344 - 358 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-016-1745-0 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-016-1745-0 .

Zhu, H.; Monrabal, B.; Han, C. C.; Wang, D . Phase structure and crystallization behavior of polypropylene in-reactor alloys: insights from both inter-and intramolecular compositional heterogeneity . Macromolecules , 2008 . 41 826 - 833 . DOI: 10.1021/ma702324h http://doi.org/10.1021/ma702324h .

Doshev, P.; Lohse, G.; Henning, S.; Krumova, M.; Heuvelsland, A.; Michler, G.; Radusch, H. J . Phase interactions and structure evolution of heterophasic ethylene–propylene copolymers as a function of system composition . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2006 . 101 2825 - 2837 . DOI: 10.1002/app.22921 http://doi.org/10.1002/app.22921 .

Jiang, T.; Chen, H.; Ning, Y.; Kuang, D.; Qu, G . Study on morphology of high impact polypropylene prepared by in situ blending . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2006 . 101 1386 - 1390 . DOI: 10.1002/app.22581 http://doi.org/10.1002/app.22581 .

Gu, X.; Wang, Y.; Jiang, Y.; Liu, M.; Fu, Q.; Zhang, J . High impact performance induced by a synergistic effect of heteroepitaxy and oriented layer-unoriented layer alternated structure in iPP/HDPE injection molded part . Polymer , 2019 . 175 206 - 214 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.05.018 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2019.05.018 .

Van der Wal, A.; Nijhof, R.; Gaymans, R . Polypropylene–rubber blends: 2. The effect of the rubber content on the deformation and impact behaviour . Polymer , 1999 . 40 6031 - 6044 . DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00213-X http://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(99)00213-X .

D'orazio, L.; Mancarella, C.; Martuscelli, E.; Sticotti, G . Polypropylene/ethylene-co-propylene blends: influence of molecular structure of EPR and composition on phase structure of isothermally crystallized samples . J. Mater. Sci. , 1991 . 26 4033 - 4047 . DOI: 10.1007/BF02402944 http://doi.org/10.1007/BF02402944 .

Li, C.; Wang, Z.; Liu, W.; Ji, X.; Su, Z . Copolymer distribution in core-shell rubber particles in high-impact polypropylene investigated by atomic force microscopy-infrared . Macromolecules , 2020 . 53 2686 - 2693 . DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00328 http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00328 .

Li, Y.; Xu, J. T.; Dong, Q.; Fu, Z. S.; Fan, Z. Q . Morphology of polypropylene/poly(ethylene-co-propylene) in-reactor alloys prepared by multi-stage sequential polymerization and two-stage polymerization . Polymer , 2009 . 50 5134 - 5141 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.008 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.008 .

Galli, P.; Haylock, J. In Advances in Ziegler-Natta polymerization-unique polyolefin copolymers, alloys and blends made directly in the reactor , Makromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia, Wiley Online Library: 1992 , 19-54.

Du, J.; Niu, H.; Dong, J. Y.; Dong, X.; Han, C. C . Self-similar growth of polyolefin alloy particles in a single granule multi-catalyst reactor . Adv. Mater. , 2008 . 20 2914 - 2917 . DOI: 10.1002/adma.200800603 http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200800603 .

Ma, Y. P.; Zhang, N.; Zheng, W. P.; He, A. H.; Liu, C. G . Structure and properties of isotactic polypropylene/polybutene-1 in-reactor alloys . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2020 . 38 1382 - 1391 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2468-9 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-020-2468-9 .

Yin, J.; Ouyang, Q. F.; Sun, Z. B.; Wu, F. Y.; Liu, Q.; Zhang, X. X.; Xu, L.; Lin, H.; Zhong, G. J.; Li, Z. M . Quantitative investigation on structural evolution of co-continuous phase under shear flow . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2022 . 40 593 - 601 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2690-8 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-022-2690-8 .

Qiu, B. W.; Chen, F.; Shangguan, Y . G.; Lin, Y.; Zheng, Q. Effects of composition on microstructure and crystallization behavior for impact polypropylene copolymer investigated by restructuring the complex core-shell dispersed particles in ternary blends . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2015 . 33 95 - 108 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-015-1556-8 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-015-1556-8 .

Liu, W.; Zhang, J.; Hong, M.; Li, P.; Xue, Y.; Chen, Q.; Ji, X . Chain microstructure of two highly impact polypropylene resins with good balance between stiffness and toughness . Polymer , 2020 . 188 .

Zhang, J. Q.; Chen, Q . Shear-induced precursors of fibrillar crystals of poly(butene-1): a rheological study . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2022 . 40 618 - 623 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2705-5 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-022-2705-5 .

Cheng, S. Z. D.; Janimak, J. J.; Zhang, A. Q.; Hsieh, E. T. Isotacticity effect on crystallization and melting in polypropylene fractions.1 . Crystalline-structures and thermodynamic property changes . Polymer , 1991 . 32 648 - 655 . DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(91)90477-Z http://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(91)90477-Z .

Wunderlich, B. in Thermal analysis. ScienceDirect, 1990 .

Aoki, Y.; Hatano, A.; Tanaka, T.; Watanabe, H . Nonlinear stress relaxation of ABS polymers in the molten state . Macromolecules , 2001 . 34 3100 - 3107 . DOI: 10.1021/ma002076l http://doi.org/10.1021/ma002076l .

Takahashi, M.; Li, L.; Masuda, T . Nonlinear viscoelasticity of ABS polymers in the molten state . J. Rheol. , 1989 . 33 709 - 723 . DOI: 10.1122/1.550035 http://doi.org/10.1122/1.550035 .

Palierne, J . Linear rheology of viscoelastic emulsions with interfacial tension . Rheol. Acta , 1990 . 29 204 - 214 . DOI: 10.1007/BF01331356 http://doi.org/10.1007/BF01331356 .

Maffettone, P.; Minale, M . Equation of change for ellipsoidal drops in viscous flow . J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. , 1998 . 78 227 - 241 . DOI: 10.1016/S0377-0257(98)00065-2 http://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-0257(98)00065-2 .

Yu, W.; Bousmina, M . Ellipsoidal model for droplet deformation in emulsions . J. Rheol. , 2003 . 47 1011 - 1039 . .

Doi, M. E., Samuel Frederick The theory of polymer dynamics. Oxford University Press : 1988 , 73 .

Zohuri, G. Polymer science: a comprehensive reference . 2012 .

Doi, M.; Edwards, S. F.; Edwards, S. F. The theory of polymer dynamics. Oxford University Press : 1988 , 73 .

Rolón-Garrido, V. H.; Wagner, M. H . The damping function in rheology . Rheol. Acta , 2009 . 48 245 - 284 . DOI: 10.1007/s00397-008-0308-x http://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-008-0308-x .

Urakawa, O.; Takahashi, M.; Masuda, T.; Ebrahimi, N. G . Damping functions and chain relaxation in uniaxial and biaxial extensions: comparison with the Doi-Edwards theory . Macromolecules , 1995 . 28 7196 - 7201 . DOI: 10.1021/ma00125a023 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma00125a023 .

Wagner, M.; Demarmels, A . A constitutive analysis of extensional flows of polyisobutylene . J. Rheol. , 1990 . 34 943 - 958 . DOI: 10.1122/1.550107 http://doi.org/10.1122/1.550107 .

Hamad, F. G.; Colby, R. H.; Milner, S. T . Onset of flow-induced crystallization kinetics of highly isotactic polypropylene . Macromolecules , 2015 . 48 3725 - 3738 . DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00386 http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00386 .

Nazari, B.; Tran, H.; Beauregard, B.; Flynn-Hepford, M.; Harrel, D.; Milner, S. T.; Colby, R. H . Two distinct morphologies for semicrystalline isotactic polypropylene crystallized after shear flow . Macromolecules , 2018 . 51 4750 - 4761 . DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00563 http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00563 .

Hamad, F. G.; Colby, R. H.; Milner, S. T . Lifetime of flow-induced precursors in isotactic polypropylene . Macromolecules , 2015 . 48 7286 - 7299 . DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01408 http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01408 .

Liu, C.; Zhang, Z . J.; Chen, Q.; You, W.; Yu, W. Stability of flow-induced precursors in poly-1-butene and copolymer of 1-butene and ethylene . J. Rheol. , 2018 . 62 725 - 737 . DOI: 10.1122/1.5021000 http://doi.org/10.1122/1.5021000 .

Cox, W. P.; Merz, E. H . Correlation of dynamic and steady flow viscosities . J. Polym. Sci. , 1958 . 28 619 - 622 . DOI: 10.1002/pol.1958.1202811812 http://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1958.1202811812 .

Marrucci, G . Relaxation by reptation and tube enlargement: a model for polydisperse polymers . J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. , 1985 . 23 159 - 177 . DOI: 10.1002/pol.1985.180230115 http://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1985.180230115 .

Views

201

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

Short-chain Length Dependence of Equilibrium Dynamics and Nonlinear Rheology in Unentangled Long-chain/Short-chain Polymer Blends

Structure and Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene/Polybutene-1 In-reactor Alloys

The Effect of Particle Shape on the Structure and Rheological Properties of Carbon-based Particle Suspensions

Bioinspired Zinc-doped Nano Hydroxyapatite Reinforced Poly(lactic acid) Composites for Bone Repair

Two-way Shape Memory Effect of Polycaprolactone-based Polyurethane via Synergistic Role of Hydrogen Bonding and Crystallization Tuned by Malic Acid

Related Author

Yu-Yuan Lu

Zhen-Hua Wang

Li-Jia An

Bo Liu

Xiao-Yang Wang

Ning Zhang

Ya-Ping Ma

Wei-Ping Zheng

Related Institution

Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University

Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics

School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China

State Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Olefin Catalysis and Polymerization, Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics (Ministry of Education), School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology

⁰