100 cm<sup>2</sup> Organic Photovoltaic Cells with 23% Efficiency under Indoor Illumination

Yong Cui; Hui-Feng Yao; Ye Xu; Peng-Qing Bi; Jian-Qi Zhang; Tao Zhang; Ling Hong; Zhi-Hao Chen; Zhi-Xiang Wei; Xiao-Tao Hao; Jian-Hui Hou

doi:10.1007/s10118-022-2761-x

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

100 cm² Organic Photovoltaic Cells with 23% Efficiency under Indoor Illumination

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2022-07-21

- 100 cm² Organic Photovoltaic Cells with 23% Efficiency under Indoor Illumination
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science Vol. 40, Issue 8, Pages: 979-988(2022)
- Affiliations：
  
  a.Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  b.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  c.CAS key laboratory of nanosystem and hierarchical fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
  d.School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Author bio：
  
  yaohf@iccas.ac.cn (H.F.Y.)
  hjhzlz@iccas.ac.cn (J.H.H.)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-022-2761-x
  CLC：
- Received：28 March 2022，
  
  Revised：2022-4-10，
  
  Accepted：15 April 2022，
  
  Online First：22 June 2022，
  
  Published：01 August 2022
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Cui, Y.; Yao, H. F.; Xu, Y.; Bi, P. Q.; Zhang, J. Q.; Zhang, T.; Hong, L.; Chen, Z. H.; Wei, Z. X.; Hao, X. T.; Hou, J. H. 100 cm² organic photovoltaic cells with 23% efficiency under indoor illumination. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2022, 40, 979–988 DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2761-x.

Yong Cui, Hui-Feng Yao, Ye Xu, et al. 100 cm² Organic Photovoltaic Cells with 23% Efficiency under Indoor Illumination[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2022, 40(8): 979-988. DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2761-x.
Cui, Y.; Yao, H. F.; Xu, Y.; Bi, P. Q.; Zhang, J. Q.; Zhang, T.; Hong, L.; Chen, Z. H.; Wei, Z. X.; Hao, X. T.; Hou, J. H. 100 cm² organic photovoltaic cells with 23% efficiency under indoor illumination. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2022, 40, 979–988 DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2761-x. DOI：

Yong Cui, Hui-Feng Yao, Ye Xu, et al. 100 cm² Organic Photovoltaic Cells with 23% Efficiency under Indoor Illumination[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2022, 40(8): 979-988. DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2761-x. DOI：

摘要

We designed and synthesized a new acceptor called DTz-R1 via suppressing the energetic disorder. The 100 cm

organic photovoltaic cell gives an impressive efficiency of 23.0% under indoor light illumination. Our results demonstrate that modulation of the energetic disorder can be a feasible molecular design strategy.

Abstract

The application of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells to drive off-grid microelectronic devices under indoor light has attracted broad attention. As organic semiconductors intrinsically have less ordered intermolecular packing than inorganic materials

the relatively larger energetic disorder is one of the main results that limit the photovoltaic efficiency of the OPV cells at low carrier density. Here

we optimize the alkyl chains of non-fullerene acceptors to get suppressed energetic disorder. We find the optimal acceptor DTz-R1 with the shortest alkyl chain has the strongest crystalline property and lowest energetic disorder. As a result

over 26% efficiency is recorded for the 1 cm

OPV cells under a light-emitting diode illumination of 500 lux. We also fabricate a 100 cm

cell device and get a PCE of 23.0%

which is an outstanding value for large-area OPV cells. These results suggest that modulation of the energetic disorder is of great importance for further improving the efficiency of OPV cells

especially for indoor applications.

关键词

Keywords

references

Brabec, C. J . Organic photovoltaics: technology and market . Sol. Energy Mater Sol. Cells , 2004 . 83 273 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.02.030 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2004.02.030 .

Søndergaard, R.; Hösel, M.; Angmo, D.; Larsen-Olsen, T. T.; Krebs, F. C . Roll-to-roll fabrication of polymer solar cells . Mater. Today , 2012 . 15 36 DOI: 10.1016/S1369-7021(12)70019-6 http://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-7021(12)70019-6 .

Heeger, A. J . 25 th Anniversary article: bulk heterojunction solar cells: understanding the mechanism of operation . Adv. Mater. , 2014 . 26 10 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304373 http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201304373 .

Krebs, F. C . Fabrication and processing of polymer solar cells: A review of printing and coating techniques . Sol. Energy Mat. Sol. C , 2009 . 93 394 DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.004 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2008.10.004 .

Cui, Y.; Xu, Y.; Yao, H.; Bi, P.; Hong, L.; Zhang, J.; Zu, Y.; Zhang, T.; Qin, J.; Ren, J.; Chen, Z.; He, C.; Hao, X.; Wei, Z.; Hou, J . Single-junction organic photovoltaic cell with 19% efficiency . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2102420 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102420 http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202102420 .

Zheng, Z.; Wang, J.; Bi, P.; Ren, J.; Wang, Y.; Yang, Y.; Liu, X.; Zhang, S.; Hou, J . Tandem organic solar cell with 20.2% efficiency . Joule , 2022 . 6 171 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2021.12.017 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.12.017 .

Chong, K.; Xu, X.; Meng, H.; Xue, J.; Yu, L.; Ma, W.; Peng, Q. Realizing 19 . 05% efficiency polymer solar cells by progressively improving charge extraction and suppressing charge recombination . Adv. Mater. , 2022 . 34 2109516 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109516 http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202109516 .

Yan, N.; Zhao, C.; You, S.; Zhang, Y.; Li, W . Recent progress of thin-film photovoltaics for indoor application . Chinese Chem. Lett. , 2020 . 31 643 DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.08.022 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2019.08.022 .

Russo, J.; Ray, W.; Litz, M. S . Low light illumination study on commercially available homojunction photovoltaic cells . Appl. Energy , 2017 . 191 10 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.01.029 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.01.029 .

Cui, Y.; Wang, Y.; Bergqvist, J.; Yao, H.; Xu, Y.; Gao, B.; Yang, C.; Zhang, S.; Inganäs, O.; Gao, F.; Hou, J . Wide-gap non-fullerene acceptor enabling high-performance organic photovoltaic cells for indoor applications . Nat. Energy , 2019 . 4 768 DOI: 10.1038/s41560-019-0448-5 http://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-019-0448-5 .

Mathews, I.; Kantareddy, S. N.; Buonassisi, T.; Peters, I. M . Technology and market perspective for indoor photovoltaic cells . Joule , 2019 . 3 1415 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2019.03.026 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2019.03.026 .

Bai, F.; Zhang, J.; Zeng, A.; Zhao, H.; Duan, K.; Yu, H.; Cheng, K.; Chai, G.; Chen, Y.; Liang, J.; Ma, W.; Yan, H . A highly crystalline non-fullerene acceptor enabling efficient indoor organic photovoltaics with high EQE and fill factor . Joule , 2021 . 5 1231 DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2021.03.020 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.03.020 .

Ding, Z.; Zhao, R.; Yu, Y.; Liu, J . All-polymer indoor photovoltaics with high open-circuit voltage . J. Mater. Chem. A , 2019 . 7 26533 DOI: 10.1039/C9TA10040G http://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA10040G .

Xie, L.; Song, W.; Ge, J.; Tang, B.; Zhang, X.; Wu, T.; Ge, Z . Recent progress of organic photovoltaics for indoor energy harvesting . Nano Energy , 2021 . 82 105770 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.105770 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.105770 .

Mainville, M.; Leclerc, M . Recent progress on indoor organic photovoltaics: from molecular design to production scale . ACS Energy Lett. , 2020 . 5 1186 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c00177 http://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c00177 .

Li, B.; Hou, B.; Amaratunga, G. A. J . Indoor photovoltaics, the next big trend in solution-processed solar cells . InfoMat , 2021 . 3 445 DOI: 10.1002/inf2.12180 http://doi.org/10.1002/inf2.12180 .

Liu, S.; Yuan, J.; Deng, W.; Luo, M.; Xie, Y.; Liang, Q.; Zou, Y.; He, Z.; Wu, H.; Cao, Y . High-efficiency organic solar cells with low non-radiative recombination loss and low energetic disorder . Nat. Photon. , 2020 . 14 300 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-019-0573-5 http://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-019-0573-5 .

Xiao, B.; Calado, P.; MacKenzie, R. C . I.; Kirchartz, T.; Yan, J.; Nelson, J. Relationship between fill factor and light intensity in solar cells based on organic disordered semiconductors: the role of tail states . Phys. Rev. Appl. , 2020 . 14 024034 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.024034 http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.024034 .

Kupgan, G.; Chen, X. K.; Brédas, J. L . Low energetic disorder in small-molecule non-fullerene electron acceptors . ACS Mater. Lett. , 2019 . 1 350 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.9b00248 http://doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.9b00248 .

Gupta, V.; Kyaw, A. K.; Wang, D. H.; Chand, S.; Bazan, G. C.; Heeger, A. J . Barium: an efficient cathode layer for bulk-heterojunction solar cells . Sci. Rep. , 2013 . 3 1965 DOI: 10.1038/srep01965 http://doi.org/10.1038/srep01965 .

Athanasopoulos, S.; Bassler, H.; Kohler, A . Disorder vs delocalization: which is more advantageous for high-efficiency organic solar cells . J. Phys. Chem. Lett. , 2019 . 10 7107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02866 http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02866 .

Hawks, S. A.; Deledalle, F.; Yao, J.; Rebois, D. G.; Li, G.; Nelson, J.; Yang, Y.; Kirchartz, T.; Durrant, J. R . Relating recombination, density of states, and device performance in an efficient polymer:fullerene organic solar cell Blend . Adv. Energy Mater. , 2013 . 3 1201 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201300194 http://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201300194 .

Lv, J.; Feng, Y.; Fu, J.; Gao, J.; Singh, R.; Kumar, M.; Kim, M.; Tang, H.; Lu, S.; Zhang, W.; McCulloch, I.; Li, J.; Kan, Z . Energetic disorder and activation energy in efficient ternary organic solar cells with nonfullerene acceptor Eh-IDTBR as the third component . Solar RRL , 2019 . 4 1900403 DOI: 10.1002/solr.201900403 http://doi.org/10.1002/solr.201900403 .

Tang, A.; Xiao, B.; Wang, Y.; Gao, F.; Tajima, K.; Bin, H.; Zhang, Z G.; Li, Y.; Wei, Z.; Zhou, E . Simultaneously achieved high open-circuit voltage and efficient charge generation by fine-tuning charge-transfer driving force in nonfullerene polymer solar cells . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2017 . 28 1704507 .

Xu, Y.; Cui, Y.; Yao, H.; Zhang, T.; Zhang, J.; Ma, L.; Wang, J.; Wei, Z.; Hou, J . A New conjugated polymer that enables the integration of photovoltaic and light-emitting functions in one device . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2101090 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101090 http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202101090 .

Menke, S. M.; Cheminal, A.; Conaghan, P.; Ran, N. A.; Greehnam, N. C.; Bazan, G. C.; Nguyen, T. Q.; Rao, A.; Friend, R. H . Order enables efficient electron-hole separation at an organic heterojunction with a small energy loss . Nat. Commun. , 2018 . 9 277 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02457-5 http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02457-5 .

Beuel, S.; Hartnagel, P.; Kirchartz, T . The influence of photo-induced space charge and energetic disorder on the indoor and outdoor performance of organic solar cells . Adv. Theor. Simul. , 2021 . 4 2000319 DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000319 http://doi.org/10.1002/adts.202000319 .

Grimme, S.; Antony, J.; Ehrlich, S.; Krieg, H . A consistent and accurate ab initio parametrization of density functional dispersion correction (DFT-D) for the 94 elements H-Pu . J. Chem. Phys. , 2010 . 132 154104 DOI: 10.1063/1.3382344 http://doi.org/10.1063/1.3382344 .

Antony, A.; Murali, K. V.; Manoj, R.; Jayaraj, M. K . The effect of the pH value on the growth and properties of chemical-bath-deposited ZnS thin films . Mater. Chem. Phys. , 2005 . 90 106 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2004.10.017 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2004.10.017 .

Göhler, C.; Wagenpfahl, A.; Deibel, C . Nongeminate recombination in organic solar cells . Adv. Electron. Mater. , 2018 . 4 1700505 DOI: 10.1002/aelm.201700505 http://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201700505 .

Yuan, J.; Zhang, C.; Chen, H.; Zhu, C.; Cheung, S . H.; Qiu, B.; Cai, F.; Wei, Q.; Liu, W.; Yin, H.; Zhang, R.; Zhang, J.; Liu, Y.; Zhang, H.; Liu, W.; Peng, H.; Yang, J.; Meng, L.; Gao, F.; So, S.; Li, Y.; Zou, Y. Understanding energetic disorder in electron-deficient-core-based non-fullerene solar cells . Sci. China Chem. , 2020 . 63 1159 DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9747-9 http://doi.org/10.1007/s11426-020-9747-9 .

Zhang, M.; Zhu, L.; Hao, T.; Zhou, G.; Qiu, C.; Zhao, Z.; Hartmann, N.; Xiao, B.; Zou, Y.; Feng, W.; Zhu, H.; Zhang, M.; Zhang, Y.; Li, Y.; Russell, T. P.; Liu, F . High-efficiency organic photovoltaics using eutectic acceptor fibrils to achieve current amplification . Adv. Mater. , 2021 . 33 2007177 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007177 http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202007177 .

Zhong, Y.; Trinh, M. T.; Chen, R.; Purdum, G. E.; Khlyabich, P. P.; Sezen, M.; Oh, S.; Zhu, H.; Fowler, B.; Zhang, B.; Wang, W.; Nam, C. Y.; Sfeir, M. Y.; Black, C. T.; Steigerwald, M. L.; Loo, Y. L.; Ng, F.; Zhu, X. Y.; Nuckolls, C . Molecular helices as electron acceptors in high-performance bulk heterojunction solar cells . Nat. Commun. , 2015 . 6 8242 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9242 http://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9242 .

Wang, R.; Zhang, C.; Li, Q.; Zhang, Z.; Wang, X.; Xiao, M . Charge separation from an intra-moiety intermediate state in the high-performance PM6:Y6 organic photovoltaic blend . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 2020 . 142 12751 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04890 http://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c04890 .

Kaake, L. G.; Moses, D.; Heeger, A. J . Coherence and uncertainty in nanostructured organic photovoltaics . J. Phys. Chem. Lett. , 2013 . 4 2264 DOI: 10.1021/jz4010569 http://doi.org/10.1021/jz4010569 .

Gao, J.; Wang, J.; Xu, C.; Hu, Z.; Ma, X.; Zhang, X.; Niu, L.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, F . A Critical review on efficient thick-film organic solar cells . Solar RRL , 2020 . 4 2000364 DOI: 10.1002/solr.202000364 http://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202000364 .

Zhang, Y.; Feng, H.; Meng, L.; Wang, Y.; Chang, M.; Li, S.; Guo, Z.; Li, C.; Zheng, N.; Xie, Z.; Wan, X.; Chen, Y . High performance thick-film nonfullerene organic solar cells with efficiency over 10% and active layer thickness of 600 nm . Adv. Energy Mater. , 2019 . 9 1902688 DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201902688 http://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201902688 .

Chaturvedi, N.; Gasparini, N.; Corzo, D.; Bertrandie, J.; Wehbe, N.; Troughton, J.; Baran, D . All slot-die coated non-fullerene organic solar cells with PCE 11% . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2021 . 31 2009996 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202009996 http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202009996 .

Wang, G.; Adil, M . A.; Zhang, J.; Wei, Z. Large-area organic solar cells: material requirements, modular designs, and printing methods . Adv. Mater. , 2019 . 31 1805089 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201805089 http://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201805089 .

Sun, Y.; Liu, T.; Kan, Y.; Gao, K.; Tang, B.; Li, Y . Flexible organic solar cells: progress and challenges . Small Sci. , 2021 . 1 2100001 DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202100001 http://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202100001 .

Distler, A.; Brabec, C. J.; Egelhaaf, H. J . Organic photovoltaic modules with new world record efficiencies . Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. , 2020 . 29 24 - 31 . .

Dong, X.; Jiang, Y.; Sun, L.; Qin, F.; Zhou, X.; Lu, X.; Wang, W.; Zhou, Y . Large-area organic solar modules with efficiency over 14% . Adv. Funct. Mater. , 2021 . 32 2110209 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202110209 http://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202110209 .

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

End-group and Side-chain Dual-engineering of Selenium-fused Acceptors for 20.08% Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells with Low Energy Loss

A Bisphosphonic Acid-functionalized Carbazole for Dual Hydrophilic Interfaces toward Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells

Molecularly Engineered Polyimide Films with Switchable Cavitation for Bidirectional Passive Thermal Regulation

Tunable Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Helical Poly(phenylacetylene)s via Side-chain-to-Backbone Förster Resonance Energy Transfer

Bioinspired Zinc-doped Nano Hydroxyapatite Reinforced Poly(lactic acid) Composites for Bone Repair

Related Author

Wen-Yan Su

Hao-Yu Su

Xu-Min Zhou

Kai Xiang

Chen-Yang Dong

Teng-Fei Li

Shu-Juan Liu

Tao Sun

Related Institution

College of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Sichuan University

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology

State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University

Xi’an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University

⁰

100 cm2 Organic Photovoltaic Cells with 23% Efficiency under Indoor Illumination

DOI：10.1007/s10118-022-2761-x

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

100 cm² Organic Photovoltaic Cells with 23% Efficiency under Indoor Illumination