Barium Titanate-reinforced Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber: Synergy Effect of Carbon-based Secondary Filler

Wannarat Chueangchayaphan; Piyawadee Luangchuang; Narong Chueangchayaphan; Muhammad Azwadi Sulaiman; Yeampon Nakaramontri

doi:10.1007/s10118-021-2528-9

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Barium Titanate-reinforced Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber: Synergy Effect of Carbon-based Secondary Filler

ARTICLE | Updated：2021-01-05

- Barium Titanate-reinforced Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber: Synergy Effect of Carbon-based Secondary Filler
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science Vol. 39, Issue 6, Pages: 725-735(2021)
- Affiliations：
  
  a.Faculty of Science and Industrial Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani Campus, 84000 Surat Thani, Thailand
  b.Advanced Materials Research Cluster, Faculty Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
  c.Sustainable Polymer & Innovative Composite Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 10140 Bangkok, Thailand
- Author bio：
  
  yeampon.nak@kmutt.ac.th
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-021-2528-9
  CLC：
- Received：12 July 2020，
  
  Revised：2020-11-1，
  
  Accepted：19 November 2020，
  
  Online First：05 January 2021，
  
  Published：15 April 2021
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Chueangchayaphan, W.; Luangchuang, P.; Chueangchayaphan, N.; Sulaiman, M. A.; Nakaramontri, Y. Barium titanate-reinforced acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber: synergy effect of carbon-based secondary filler. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2021, 39, 725–735

Wannarat Chueangchayaphan, Piyawadee Luangchuang, Narong Chueangchayaphan, et al. Barium Titanate-reinforced Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber: Synergy Effect of Carbon-based Secondary Filler[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2021, 39(6): 725-735.
Chueangchayaphan, W.; Luangchuang, P.; Chueangchayaphan, N.; Sulaiman, M. A.; Nakaramontri, Y. Barium titanate-reinforced acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber: synergy effect of carbon-based secondary filler. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2021, 39, 725–735 DOI： 10.1007/s10118-021-2528-9.

Wannarat Chueangchayaphan, Piyawadee Luangchuang, Narong Chueangchayaphan, et al. Barium Titanate-reinforced Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber: Synergy Effect of Carbon-based Secondary Filler[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2021, 39(6): 725-735. DOI： 10.1007/s10118-021-2528-9.

摘要

Abstract

Acrylonitrile rubber (NBR) composites filled with barium titanate (BT) were prepared using an internal mixer and a two-roll mill. Also

a secondary filler

namely carbon nanotubes (CNT)

was added in order to find a potential synergistic blend ratio of BT and CNT. The cure characteristics

tensile and dielectric properties (dielectric constant and dielectric loss) of the composites were determined. It was found that NBR/BT composites with CNT secondary filler

at a proper BT:CNT ratio

exhibited shorter scorch time (

) and cure time (

c90

) together with superior tensile properties and reinforcement efficiency

relative to the one with only the primary filler. In addition

the NBR/BT-CNT composite with 80 phr BT and 1−2 phr CNT had dielectric constant of 100−500

dielectric loss of 12−100 and electrical conductivity below 10

−4

S/m together with high thermal stability. Thus

with a proper BT:CNT mix and filler loading

we can produce mechanically superior rubber composites that are easy to process and low-cost

for flexible dielectric materials application.

关键词

Keywords

references

Zhou, T.; Zha, J. W.; Cui, R. Y.; Fan, B. H.; Yuan, J. K.; Dang, Z. M. . Improving dielectricproperties of BaTiO 3 /ferroelectric polymer composites by employing surface hydroxylated BaTiO 3 nanoparticles . J. Appl. Mater. Interfaces , 2011 . 3 2184 - 2188 . DOI: 10.1021/am200492q http://doi.org/10.1021/am200492q .

Tan, Y. J.; Liang, Y. R.; Hu, G. S.; Wang, Y. Q.; Lu, Y. L.; Zhang, L. Q. . Structure and properties of isobutylene-isoprene rubber/swollen organoclay nanocomposites prepared by shear mixing . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2011 . 29 225 - 231 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-011-1029-7 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-011-1029-7 .

Wan, Y. J.; Zhu, P. L.; Yu, S. H.; Yang, W. H.; Sun, R.; Wong, C. P.; Liao, W. H. . Barium titanate coated and thermally reduced graphene oxide towards high dielectric constant and low loss of polymeric composites . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 2017 . 141 48 - 55 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.01.010 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.01.010 .

Kumar, G. S.; Vishnupriya, D.; Chary, K. S.; Patro, T. U. . High dielectric permittivity and improved mechanical and thermal properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites low carbon nanotube content: effect of composite processing on phase behavior and dielectric properties . Nanotechology , 2016 . 27 385702 .

Gupta, S. K.; Pandey, K.; Verma, V.; Mathur, S.; Kumar, V. . Dielectric properties of polymethylmethacrylate/barium titanate (PMMA/BaTiO 3 ) nanocomposites . Appl. Polym. Compos. , 2013 . 1 47 - 56 . .

Singh, S.; Dey, S. S.; Singh, S.; Kumar, N. . Preparation and characterization of barium titanate composite film . Mater. Today. , 2017 . 4 3300 - 3307 . .

Pant, H. C.; Patra, M. K.; Verma, A.; Vadera, S. R.; Kumar, N. . Study of the dielectric properties of barium titanate-polymer composites . Acta Mate. , 2006 . 54 3163 - 3169 . DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.02.031 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2006.02.031 .

Iijima, M.; Sato, N.; Lenggoro, I. W.; Kamiya, H. . Surface modification of BaTiO 3 particles by silane coupling agents in different solvents and their effect on dielectric properties of BaTiO 3 /epoxy composites . Colloi. Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp. , 2009 . 352 88 - 93 . DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.10.005 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.10.005 .

Phan, T. T. M.; Chu, N. C.; Luu, V. B.; Xuan, H. N.; Martin, I.; Carriere, P. . The role of epoxy matrix occlusions within BaTiO 3 nanoparticles on the dielectric properties of functionalized BaTiO 3 /epoxy nanocomposites . Compos. A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. , 2016 . 90 528 - 535 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.08.018 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2016.08.018 .

Salaeh, S.; Muensit, N.; Bomlai, P.; Nakason, C. . Ceramic/natural rubber composites: influence types of rubber and ceramic materials on curing, mechanical, morphological, and dielectric properties . Adv. Mater. Res-Switz. , 2011 . 46 1723 - 1731 . .

Gonzalez, N.; Tomara, GN.; Psarras, G. C.; Riba, J. R.; Armelin, E. . Dielectric response of vulcanized natural rubber containing BaTiO 3 filler: the role of particle functionalization . Eur. Polym. J. , 2017 . 97 57 - 67 . DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.10.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.10.001 .

Asimakopoulos, I.; Psarras, G.; Zoumpoulakis, L. . Barium titanate/polyester resin nanocomposites: development, structure-properties relationship and energy storage capability . Express Polym. Lett. , 2014 . 8 692 - 707 . DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2014.72 http://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2014.72 .

Chameswary, J.; Sebastian, M. . Preparation and properties of BaTiO 3 filled butyl rubber composites for flexible electronic circuit applications . J. Mater. Sci. , 2015 . 26 4629 - 4637 . .

Bele, A.; Cazacu, M.; Stiubianu, G.; Vlad, S.; Ignat, M. . Polydimethylsiloxane-barium titanate composites: preparation and evaluation of the morphology, moisture, thermal, mechanical and dielectric behavior . Compos. B Eng. , 2015 . 68 237 - 245 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.08.050 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.08.050 .

Jiang, L.; Betts, A.; Kennedy, D.; Jerrams, S. . Improving the electromechanical performance of dielectric elastomers using silicone rubber and dopamine coated barium titanate . Mater. Des. , 2015 . 85 733 - 742 . DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.075 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.075 .

Namitha, L.; Sebastian, M. . High permittivity ceramics loaded silicone elastomer composites for flexible electronics applications . Ceram. Int. , 2017 . 43 2994 - 3003 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.11.080 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.11.080 .

Ziegmann, A.; Schubert, D. W. . Influence of the particle size and the filling degree of barium titanate filled silicone elastomers used as potential dielectric elastomers on the mechanical properties and the crosslinking density . Mater. Today. , 2018 . 14 90 - 98 . .

Han, W.; Yoo, B.; Kwon, K. H.; Cho, H. H.; Park, H. H. . Fluorine ligand exchange effect in poly(vinylidenefluoride- co -hexafluoropropylene) with embedded fluorinated barium titanate nanoparticles . Thin Solid Films , 2016 . 619 17 - 24 . DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2016.10.043 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2016.10.043 .

Defebvin, J.; Barrau, S.; Lyskawa, J.; Woisel, P.; Lefebvre, J. M. . Influence of nitrodopamine-functionalized barium titanate content on the piezoelectric response of poly(vinylidene fluoride) based polymer-ceramic composites . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 2017 . 147 16 - 21 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.05.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.05.001 .

Yaqoob, U.; Uddin, A. I.; Chung, G. S. . A novel tri-layer flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator based on surface-modified graphene and PVDF-BaTiO 3 nanocomposites . Appl. Surf. Sci. , 2017 . 405 420 - 426 . DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.01.314 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.01.314 .

Li, H. Z.; Li, W. Z.; Yang, Y.J.; Tai, H. L.; Du, X. S.; Gao, R. Y.; Li, S. Y. . Pyroelectric performances of 1-3 ferroelectric composites based on barium titanate nanowires/polyvinylidene fluoride . Ceram. Int. , 2018 . 44 19254 - 61 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.07.150 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.07.150 .

Padalia, D.; Bisht, G.; Johri, U.; Asokan, K. . Fabrication and characterization of cerium doped barium titanate/PMMA nanocomposites . Sol. Sci. , 2013 . 19 122 - 129 . DOI: 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2013.02.002 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2013.02.002 .

Su, J.; Zhang, J. . Improvement of mechanical and dielectrical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)/barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) by layered mica and graphite flakes . Compos. B Eng. , 2017 . 112 148 - 157 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.01.002 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.01.002 .

Qi, F.; Chen, N.; Wang, Q. . Preparation of PA11/BaTiO 3 nanocomposite powders with improved processability, dielectric and piezoelectric properties for use in selective laser sintering . Mater. Des. , 2017 . 131 135 - 143 . DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2017.06.012 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.06.012 .

Zhu, S.; Guo, J.; Zhang, J. . Enhancement of mechanical strength associated with interfacial tension between barium titanate and acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber with different acrylonitrile contents by surface modification . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2018 . 135 45936 .

Liu, J.; Gu, H.; Liu, Q.; Ren, L.; Li, G. . An intelligent material for tissue reconstruction: the piezoelectric property of polycaprolactone/barium titanate composites . Mater. Lett. , 2019 . 236 686 - 689 . DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2018.11.036 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2018.11.036 .

Ma, W. L.; Cai, Z. H.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, Z. Y.; Xia, L.; Ma, S. P.; Li, G. H.; Huang, Y. . An overview of stretchable supercapacitors based on carbon nanotube and graphene . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2020 . 38 491 - 505 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2386-x http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-020-2386-x .

Yang, J. H.; Xie, X.; He, Z. Z.; Lu, Y.; Qi, X. D.; Wang, Y. . Graphene oxide-tailored dispersion of hybrid barium titanate@polypyrrole particles and the dielectric composites . Chem. Eng. J. , 2019 . 355 137 - 149 . DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2018.08.152 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.08.152 .

Wu, C.; Huang, X.; Wu, X.; Yu, J.; Xie, L.; Jiang, P. . TiO 2 -nanorod decorated carbon nanotubes for high-permittivity and low-dielectric-loss polystyrene composites . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 2012 . 72 521 - 527 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.12.014 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.12.014 .

Zhang, J.; Zhang, H.; Wang, S.; Liu, M. . Antioxidant-loaded carbon nanotube to sustain a long-term aging-protection for acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber . Polym. Degrad. Stabil. , 2017 . 144 93 - 99 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.08.006 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.08.006 .

Hayashida, K.; Matsuoka, Y. . Highly enhanced dielectric constants of barium titanate-filled polymer composites using polymer-grafted carbon nanotube matrix . Carbon , 2013 . 60 506 - 513 . DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.04.072 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.04.072 .

Yu, C. R.; Wu, D. M.; Liu, Y.; Qiao. H.; Yu, Z. Z.; Dasari, A.; Du, X. S.; Mai, Y. W. . Electrical and dielectric properties of polypropylene nanocomposites based on carbon nanotubes and barium titanate nanoparticles . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 2011 . 71 1706 - 1712 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.07.022 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2011.07.022 .

Qi, F.; Chen, N.; Wang, Q. . Dielectric and piezoelectric properties in selective laser sintered polyamide11/BaTiO 3 /CNT ternary nanocomposites . Mater. Des. , 2018 . 143 72 - 80 . DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2018.01.050 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2018.01.050 .

Guan, S.; Li, H.; Zhao, S.; Guo, L. . Novel three-component nanocomposites with high dielectric permittivity and low dielectric loss co-filled by carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled nanotube and BaTiO 3 . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 2018 . 158 79 - 85 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.12.038 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.12.038 .

Sobia, I.; Muhammad, S.; Ayesha, K.; Sedra, T. M.; Jaweria, A.; Iram, B. . A review featuring fabrication, properties and applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced polymer and epoxy nanocomposites . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2018 . 36 445 - 461 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2045-7 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-018-2045-7 .

Fan, B.; Bai, J. . Composites of hybrids BaTiO 3 /carbon nanotubes/polyvinylidene fluoride with high dielectric properties . J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. , 2015 . 48 455303 .

Fan, B.; Bedoui, F.; Weigand, S.; Bai, J. . Conductive network and β polymorph content evolution caused by thermal treatment in carbon nanotubes-BaTiO 3 hybrids reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride composites . J. Phys. Chem. C , 2016 . 120 9511 - 9519 . DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b01745 http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b01745 .

Jin, Y.; Xia, N.; Gerhardt, R. A. . Enhanced dielectric properties of polymer matrix composites with BaTiO 3 and MWCNT hybrid fillers using simple phase separation . Nano Energy , 2016 . 30 407 - 416 . DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.10.033 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.10.033 .

Fan, B.; Lu, X.; Dang, Z.; Deng, Y.; Zhou, X.; He, D.; Bai, J. . Improved dispersion of carbon nanotubes in poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites by hybrids with core-shell structure . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 2018 . 135 1 - 10 . .

Joseph, N.; Janardhanan, C.; Sebastian, M. T. . Electromagnetic interference shielding properties of butyl rubber-single walled carbon nanotube composites . Compos. Sci. Technol. , 2014 . 101 139 - 144 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.07.002 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.07.002 .

Kumar, V,; Kumar, A.; Wu, R. R.; Lee, D. J. . Room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber/barium titanateebased high-performance nanocomposite for energy harvesting . Mater. Today Chem. , 2020 . 16 1 - 8 . .

Bizhani, H.; Katbab, A. A.; Hernandez, E. L.; Miranda, J. M.; Manchado, M. A. L.; Verdejo, R. . Preparation and characterization of highly elastic foams with enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption based on ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer rubber filled with barium titanate/multiwall carbon nanotube hybrid . Polymer , 2020 . 12 1 - 15 . .

Nakaramontri, Y.; Pichaiyut, S.; Wisunthorn, S.; Nakason, C. . Hybrid carbon nanotubes and conductive carbon black in natural rubber composites to enhance electrical conductivity by reducing gaps separating carbon nanotube encapsulates . Eur. Polym. J. , 2017 . 90 467 - 484 . DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.029 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.029 .

Dief, M. A.; Ali, Z.; Rozik, N. N.; Raslan, M.; Sadek, K. U. . Electrical and mechanical properties of nitrile rubber (NR) filled with industrial waste and by product from manufacture of ferrosilicon alloys in egyptian chemical industries company . Egypt. J. Chem. , 2017 . 60 905 - 918 . .

Zhi, X.; Mao, Y.; Yu, Z.; Wen, S.; Li, Y.; Zhang, L.; Chan, T. W.; Liu, L. . γ -Aminopropyl triethoxysilane functionalized graphene oxide for composites with high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss . Compos. A-Appl. S. , 2015 . 76 194 - 202 . DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.05.015 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.05.015 .

Ruan, M.; Yang, D.; Guo, W.; Zhang, L.; Li, S.; Shang, Y.; Wu, Y.; Zhang, M.; Wang, H. . Improved dielectric properties, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity properties of polymer composites via controlling interfacial compatibility with bio-inspired method . Appl. Surf. Sci. , 2018 . 439 186 - 195 . DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.12.250 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.12.250 .

Nabil, H.; Ismail, H.; Rashid, A. A. . Effects of partial replacement of commercial fillers by recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) powder on the properties of natural rubber composites . J. Vinyl Addit. Technol. , 2012 . 18 139 - 146 . DOI: 10.1002/vnl.20291 http://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20291 .

Hwu, J. M.; Yu, W. H.; Yang, W. C.; Chen, Y. W.; Chou, Y. Y. . Characterization of dielectric barium titanate powders prepared by homogeneous precipitation chemical reaction for embedded capacitor applications . Mater. Res. Bull. , 2005 . 40 1662 - 1679 . DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2005.05.019 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2005.05.019 .

Zhan, J. Y.; Gian, G. F.; Wu, Z. P.; Qi, S. L.; Wu, D. Z. . Preparation of polyimide/BaTiO 3 /Ag nanocomposite films via in situ technique and study of their dielectric behavior . Chinese J. Polym. Sci. , 2014 . 32 424 - 431 . DOI: 10.1007/s10118-014-1413-1 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-014-1413-1 .

Nakaramontri, Y.; Kummerlöwe, C.; Nakason, C.; Vennemann, N. . The effect of surface functionalization of carbon nanotubes on the properties of natural rubber/carbon nanotube composites . Polym. Compos. , 2014 . 36 2113 - 2122 . .

Nakaramontri, Y.; Kummerlöwe, C.; Nakason, C.; Vennemann, N. . Influence of modified natural rubber on properties of natural rubber-carbon nanotubes composites . Rubber Chem. Technol. , 2015 . 88 199 - 218 . DOI: 10.5254/rct.14.85949 http://doi.org/10.5254/rct.14.85949 .

Pötschke, P.; Dudkin, S. M.; Alig, I. . Dielectric spectroscopy on melt processed polycarbonate-multiwalled carbon nanotube composites . Polymer , 2003 . 44 5023 - 5030 . DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00451-8 http://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00451-8 .

Bokobza, L. . Enhanced electrical and mechanical properties of multiwall carbon nanotube rubber composites . Polym. Adv. Technol. , 2012 . 23 1543 - 1549 . DOI: 10.1002/pat.3027 http://doi.org/10.1002/pat.3027 .

Szadkowski, B.; Marzec, A.; Zaborski, M. . Effect of different carbon fillers on the properties of nitrile rubber composites . Compos. Interface , 2018 . 8 729 - 750 . .

Ismail, H.; Ramly, A.; Othman, N. . The effect of carbon black/multiwall carbon nanotube hybrid fillers on the properties of natural rubber nanocomposites . Polym. Plas. Technol. Eng. , 2011 . 50 660 - 666 . DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2010.551380 http://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2010.551380 .

Amin, L. M. N.; Ismail, H.; Nadras, O. . Comparative study of bentonite filled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and carbon black filled nbr composites properties . Int. J. Auto. Mecha. Eng. , 2018 . 15 5468 - 5479 . DOI: 10.15282/ijame.15.3.2018.5.0420 http://doi.org/10.15282/ijame.15.3.2018.5.0420 .

Sadek, E. M.; El-Nashar, D. E. . Preparation and characterization of nitrile butadiene rubber-nanoclay composites with maleic acid anhydride as compatibilizer. Part I: rheometric and swelling characteristics . High Perform. Polym. , 2012 . 24 654 - 663 . DOI: 10.1177/0954008312448405 http://doi.org/10.1177/0954008312448405 .

Subramaniam, K.; Das, A.; Stöckelhuber, K. W.; Heinrich, G. . Elastomer composites based on carbon nanotubes and ionic liquid . Rubber Chem. Technol. , 2018 . 86 367 - 400 . .

Kaewsakul, W.; Sahakaro, K.; Dierkes, W. K.; Noordermeer, J. W. . Optimization of mixing conditions for silica-reinforced natural rubber tire tread compounds . Rubber Chem. Technol. , 2012 . 85 277 - 294 . DOI: 10.5254/rct.12.88935 http://doi.org/10.5254/rct.12.88935 .

Nakaramontri, Y.; Wisunthorn, S.; Pichaiyut, S.; Nakason, C. . Hybrid carbon nanotubes and conductive carbon black in natural rubber composites to enhance electrical conductivity by reducing gaps separating carbon nanotube encapsulates . Eur. Polym. J. , 2017 . 90 467 - 484 . DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.029 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.029 .

Nakaramontri, Y.; Kummerlöwe, C.; Wisunthorn, S.; Pichaiyut, S.; Vennemann, N.; Nakason, C. . Electron tunneling in carbon nanotubes and carbon black hybrid filler-filled natural rubber composites: influence of non-rubber components . Polym. Compos. , 2018 . 39 1237 - 1250 . DOI: 10.1002/pc.24821 http://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24821 .

Sulaiman, M. A.; Hutagalung, S. D.; Ahmad, Z. A.; Ain, M. F. . Investigation of grain size effect on the impedance of CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 from 100 Hz to 1 GHz of frequency . Adv. Mater. , 2013 . 620 230 - 235 . .

Sulaiman, M. A.; Panwiriyarat, W.; Jie, B. L. C.; Masri, M. N.; Yusuff, M. . Mechanical and electrical properties of TiO 2 loaded vulcanized natural rubber . Proc. Mater. , 2016 . 4 39 - 43 . .

Sulaiman, M. A.; Hutagalung, S. D.; Ain, M. F.; Ahmad, Z. A. . Dielectric properties of Nb-doped CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 electroceramics measured at high frequencies . J. Alloy Compd. , 2010 . 493 486 - 492 . DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.12.137 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.12.137 .

Shehzad, K.; Dang, Z. M.; Ahmad, M. N.; Sagar, R. U. R.; Butt, S.; Farooq, M. U.; Wang, T. B. . Effects of carbon nanotubes aspect ratio on the qualitative and quantitative aspects of frequency response of electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity in the carbon nanotube/polymer composites . Carbon , 2013 . 54 105 - 112 . DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.10.068 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2012.10.068 .

Views

218

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

Improvements of Hydrophobicity and Toughness of Epoxy Coatings Modified with Hydroxyl-terminated Fluororubber

Effects of Different Nucleating Agents, Annealing and Pre-stretching Process on the Crystallinity and Mechanical Properties of Poly(butylene carbonate)

Advancing the Thin-film Mechanics of Conjugated Polymers: Characterization, Modulation, and Innovation

Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Prolonged Recovery Onset Period of Timed Shape Memory Hydrogels via Hydrophobic Interaction

A Phosphorus/Nitrogen-containing Phosphaphenanthrene Derivative as Flame Retardant for Poly(lactic acid)

Related Author

Yu-Tong Zhou

You-Fan Wu

Qian-Qian Yang

Hai-Bao Zhang

Ting Zhang

Hao-Yan Guo

Zhen-Jun Wang

Gang Li

Related Institution

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang’an University

Shaanxi Union Research Center of University and Enterprise for Advanced Transportation Infrastructure Materials

College of Water Conservancy & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University

Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

⁰