Equilibrium Crystallization Temperature of Syndiotactic Polystyrene <italic style="font-style: italic">γ</italic> Form

Hai Wang; Chun-Ji Wu; Dong-Mei Cui; Yong-Feng Men

doi:10.1007/s10118-018-2059-1

Your Location：

Home >

Browse articles >

Equilibrium Crystallization Temperature of Syndiotactic Polystyrene γ Form

Articles | Updated：2021-02-18

- Equilibrium Crystallization Temperature of Syndiotactic Polystyrene γ Form
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science Vol. 36, Issue 6, Pages: 749-755(2018)
- Affiliations：
  
  State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Author bio：
  
  Yong-Feng Men, E-mail men@ciac.ac.cn
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-018-2059-1
  CLC：
- Received：22 August 2017，
  
  Accepted：07 October 2017，
  
  Online First：29 January 2018，
  
  Published：2018-06
- Accepted：
Scan QR Code
Hai Wang, Chun-Ji Wu, Dong-Mei Cui, et al. Equilibrium Crystallization Temperature of Syndiotactic Polystyrene γ Form[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2018, 36(6): 749-755. DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2059-1.
DOI：

Hai Wang, Chun-Ji Wu, Dong-Mei Cui, et al. Equilibrium Crystallization Temperature of Syndiotactic Polystyrene γ Form[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2018, 36(6): 749-755. DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2059-1. DOI：

摘要

Abstract

The crystallization behavior of syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS)

form undergoing annealing at various temperatures was investigated using the thermodynamic phase diagram based on Strobl's crystallization theory. On the basis of the differential scanning calorimetric results

it was observed that

form melt-recrystallization occurred at a higher temperature with the increasing lamellar thickness

which resulted from the pre-annealing at the elevating temperature after acetone induced crystallization. Further temperature dependent small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurement revealed the evolution of the

form lamellae upon heating until phase transition

involving three different regimes:lamellae stable region (25-90℃)

melt-recrystallization region (90-185℃) and pre-phase transition region (185-195℃). As a result

recrystallization line

equilibrium recrystallization line and melting line were developed for the sPS

form crystallization process. Since the melt of

form involved a

-to-

form phase transition

the melting line was also denoted as the phase transition line in this special case. Therefore

the equilibrium crystallization temperature and melting (phase transition) temperatures were determined at around 390 and 220℃ on the basis of the thermodynamic phase diagram of the sPS

form.

关键词

Keywords

references

F. Auriemma , V. Petraccone , F. D. Poggetto , C. de Rosa , G. Guerra , C. Manfredi , P. Corradini . Mesomorphic form of syndiotactic polystyrene as composed of small imperfect crystals of the hexagonal ( α ) crystalline form . Macromolecules , 1993 . 26 ( 15 ): 3772 - 3777 . DOI: 10.1021/ma00067a008 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma00067a008 .

V. Petraccone , F. Auriemma , F. D. Poggetto , C. de Rosa , G. Guerra , P. Corradini . On the structure of the mesomorphic form of syndiotactic polystyrene . Makromol. Chem. , 1993 . 194 ( 5 ): 1335 - 1345 . DOI: 10.1002/macp.1993.021940508 http://doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021940508 .

N. Ishihara , T. Seiniya , M. Kuramoto , M. Uoi . Crystalline syndiotactic polystyrene . Macromolecules , 1986 . 19 ( 9 ): 2464 - 2465 . DOI: 10.1021/ma00163a027 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma00163a027 .

G. Guerra , C. de Rosa , V. Petraccone , P. Corradini . Polymorphism in melt crystallized syndiotactic polystyrene samples . Macromolecules , 1990 . 23 ( 5 ): 1539 - 1544 . DOI: 10.1021/ma00207a050 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma00207a050 .

C. de Rosa , G. Guerra , V. Petraccone , P. Corradini . Crystal structure of the α -form of syndiotactic polystyrene . Polym. J. , 1991 . 23 ( 12 ): 1435 - 1442 . DOI: 10.1295/polymj.23.1435 http://doi.org/10.1295/polymj.23.1435 .

Y. Chatani , Y. Shimane , Y. Inoue , T. Inagaki , T. Ishioka . Structural study of syndiotactic polystyrene 1 . polymorphism. Polymer , 1992 . 33 ( 3 ): 488 - 492 . http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=5239949 http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=5239949 , .

P. Corradini , C. de Rosa , G. Guerra , R. Napolitano , V. Petraccone , B. Pirozzi . Confirmational and packing energy of the crystalline α modification of syndiotactic polystyrene . Eur. Polym. J. , 1994 . 30 ( 10 ): 1173 - 1177 . DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(94)90255-0 http://doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(94)90255-0 .

C. de Rosa . Crystal structure of the trigonal modification ( α form) of syndiotactic polystyrene . Macromolecules , 1996 . 29 ( 26 ): 8460 - 8465 . DOI: 10.1021/ma960905q http://doi.org/10.1021/ma960905q .

L. Cartier , T. Okihara , B. Lotz . The α " superstructure of syndiotactic polystyrene:a frustrated structure . Macromolecules , 1998 . 31 ( 10 ): 3303 - 3310 . http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998MaMol..31.3303C http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998MaMol..31.3303C , .

B. Lotz . An intrinsic crystallographic disorder in the frustrated α " phase of syndiotactic polystyrene . Polymer , 2015 . 56 ( 15 ): 245 - 251 . http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0032386114010441 http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0032386114010441 , .

V. Vittoria , A. R. Filho , F. de Candia . Structural organization of syndiotactic polystyrene films crystallized in the β form . J. Macromol. Sci. Part B , 1992 . 31 ( 2 ): 133 - 148 . DOI: 10.1080/00222349208215508 http://doi.org/10.1080/00222349208215508 .

C. De Rosa , M. Rapacciuolo , G. Guerra , V. Petraccone , P. Corradini . On the crystal structure of the orthorhombic form of syndiotactic polystyrene . Polymer , 1992 . 33 ( 7 ): 1423 - 1428 . DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(92)90117-F http://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(92)90117-F .

Y. Chatani , Y. Shimane , T. Ijitsu , T. Yukinari . Structural study on syndiotactic polystyrene 3 . crystal structure of planar form I. Polymer , 1993 . 34 ( 8 ): 1625 - 1629 . http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(93)90319-6 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(93)90319-6 , .

R. Napolitano , B. Pirozzi , D. Chimica , F. Ii . The role of molecular mechanics in the prediction of the chain conformation of polymers in the crystalline state:syndiotactic polymers . Macromol. Theory. Simul. , 1999 . 8 ( 1 ): 15 - 25 . DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1521-3919 http://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1521-3919 .

M. Tosaka , M. Tsuji , S. Kohjiya , L. Cartier , B. Lotz . Crystallization of syndiotactic polystyrene in β -form . 4. crystal structure of melt-grown modification. Macromolecules , 1999 . 32 ( 15 ): 4905 - 4911 . https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ma970632e https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ma970632e , .

F. de Candia , G. Romano , R. Russo , V. Vittoria . Solvent crystallized syndiotactic polystyrene . thermal and dynamic-mechanical behavior. Colloid Polym. Sci. , 1993 . 271 ( 5 ): 454 - 459 . Solvent crystallized syndiotactic polystyrene. thermal and dynamic-mechanical behavior. Solvent crystallized syndiotactic polystyrene. thermal and dynamic-mechanical behavior. , .

Y. P. Handa , Z. Zhang , B. Wong . Effect of compressed CO 2 on phase transitions and polymorphism in syndiotactic polystyrene . Macromolecules , 1997 . 30 ( 26 ): 8499 - 8504 . DOI: 10.1021/ma9712209 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma9712209 .

C. Naddeo , L. Guadagno , D. Aciemo , V. Vittoria , I. Chimica , U. Salemo , V. Ponte , D. Melillo , F. Salemo . Studies of the γ to α transition in syndiotactic polystyrene . Macromol. Symp. , 1999 . 138 ( 1 ): 209 - 214 . DOI: 10.1002/masy.v138.1 http://doi.org/10.1002/masy.v138.1 .

P. Rizzo , A. R. Albunia , G. Guerra . Polymorphism of syndiotactic polystyrene: γ phase crystallization induced by bulky non-guest solvents . Polymer , 2005 . 46 ( 23 ): 9549 - 9554 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.07.063 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.07.063 .

A. Immirzi , F. de Candia , P. Iannelli , A. Zambelli . Solvent-induced polymorphism in syndiotactic polystyrene . Makromol. Chem., Rapid Commun. , 1988 . 9 761 - 764 . DOI: 10.1002/marc.1988.030091108 http://doi.org/10.1002/marc.1988.030091108 .

M. Kobayashi . Polymorphic structures and molecular vibrations of syndiotactic polystyrene . Macromolecules , 1989 . 22 ( 11 ): 4377 - 4382 . DOI: 10.1021/ma00201a037 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma00201a037 .

Y. Chatani , Y. Shimane , T. Inagaki , T. Ijitsu , T. S. H. Yukinari . Structural study on syndiotactic polystyrene:2 . crystal structure of molecular compound with toluene. Polymer , 1993 . 34 ( 8 ): 1620 - 1624 . http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(93)90318-5 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(93)90318-5 , .

C. De Rosa , G. Guerra , V. Petraccone . Crystal structure of the emptied clathrate form ( δ e form) of syndiotactic polystyrene . Macromolecules , 1997 . 30 ( 14 ): 4147 - 4152 . DOI: 10.1021/ma970061q http://doi.org/10.1021/ma970061q .

E. Reverchon , G. Guerra , V. Venditto . Regeneration of nanoporous crystalline syndiotactic polystyrene by supercritical CO 2 . J. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 1999 . 74 ( 8 ): 2077 - 2082 . DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628 http://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1097-4628 .

D. A. Rani , Y. Yamamoto , A. Saito , M. Sivakumar , Y. Tsujita , H. Yoshimizu , T. Kinoshita . Structure and properties of the mesophase of syndiotacticpolystyrene. Ⅱ. Effect of stepwise extraction on the preparation of the mesophase . J. Polym. Sci., Part B:Polym. Phys. , 2003 . 41 ( 3 ): 269 - 273 . DOI: 10.1002/(ISSN)1099-0488 http://doi.org/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-0488 .

W. Ma , J. Yu , J. He . Empty δ crystal as an intermediate form for the δ to γ transition of syndiotactic polystyrene in supercritical carbon dioxide . Macromolecules , 2005 . 38 ( 11 ): 4755 - 4760 . DOI: 10.1021/ma050488u http://doi.org/10.1021/ma050488u .

V. Vittoria , F. de Candia , P. Iannelli , A. Immirzi . Solvent-induced crystallization of glassy syndiotactic polystyrene . Makromol. Chem., Rapid Commun. , 1988 . 9 765 - 769 . DOI: 10.1002/marc.1988.030091109 http://doi.org/10.1002/marc.1988.030091109 .

E. B. Gowd , K. Tashiro , C. Ramesh . Structural phase transitions of syndiotactic polystyrene . Prog. Polym. Sci. , 2009 . 34 ( 3 ): 280 - 315 . DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.11.002 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.11.002 .

W. Ma , J. Yu , J. He . Direct formation of γ form crystal of syndiotactic polystyrene from amorphous state in supercritical CO 2 . Macromolecules , 2004 . 37 ( 18 ): 6912 - 6917 . DOI: 10.1021/ma0491715 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma0491715 .

W. Ma , J. Yu , J. He . Stability of crystal forms of syndiotactic polystyrene correlated with their formation in different media having different solubility parameters . Polymer , 2005 . 46 ( 24 ): 11104 - 11111 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.09.002 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.09.002 .

J. de Rudder , H. Berghmans , J. Arnauts . Phase behaviour and structure formation in the system syndiotactic polystyrene cyclohexanol . Polymer , 1999 . 40 ( 21 ): 5919 - 5928 . DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00819-2 http://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00819-2 .

G. Reiter , G. Strobl . "Progress in understanding of polymer crystallization" . Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg , 2007 . p 481 https://www.springer.com/in/book/9783540473053 https://www.springer.com/in/book/9783540473053 , .

G. Strobl . Colloquium:laws controlling crystallization and melting in bulk polymers . Rev. Mod. Phys. , 2009 . 81 ( 3 ): 1287 - 1300 . DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.81.1287 http://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.81.1287 .

M. Al-Hussein , G. Strobl . The mechanisms of recrystallization after melting in syndiotactic polypropylene and isotactic polystyrene . Eur. Phys. J. E , 2001 . 6 ( 4 ): 305 - 314 . DOI: 10.1007/s10189-001-8045-5 http://doi.org/10.1007/s10189-001-8045-5 .

M. Al-Hussein , G. Strobl . The melting line, the crystallization line, and the equilibrium melting temperature of isotactic polystyrene . Macromolecules , 2002 . 35 ( 5 ): 1672 - 1676 . DOI: 10.1021/ma011345k http://doi.org/10.1021/ma011345k .

M. Al-Hussein , G. J. Strobl . On the mechanisms of recrystallization after melting in semicrystalline polymers:the effect of the initial melt state . J. Macromol. Sci. Part B Phys. , 2003 . B42 ( 3-4 ): 677 - 685 . http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1081/MB-120021598 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1081/MB-120021598 , .

Y. Lu , Y. Wang , Z. Jiang , Y. Men . Molecular weight dependency of surface free energy of native and stabilized crystallites in isotactic polypropylene . ACS Macro Lett. , 2014 . 3 ( 11 ): 1101 - 1105 . DOI: 10.1021/mz500599r http://doi.org/10.1021/mz500599r .

M. Iijima , G. Strobl . Isothermal crystallization and melting of isotactic polypropylene analyzed by time and temperature-dependent small-angle X-ray scattering experiemnts . Macromolecules , 2000 . 33 ( 14 ): 5204 - 5214 . DOI: 10.1021/ma000019m http://doi.org/10.1021/ma000019m .

Y. Lu , Y. Wang , L. Fu , Z. Jiang , Y. Men . Crystallization, recrystallization, and melting lines in syndiotactic polypropylene crystallized from quiescent melt and semicrystalline state due to stress-induced localized melting and recrystallization . J. Phys. Chem. B , 2014 . 118 ( 45 ): 13019 - 13023 . DOI: 10.1021/jp5093702 http://doi.org/10.1021/jp5093702 .

R. Hiss , S. Hobeika , C. Lynn , G. Strobl . Network stretching, slip processes, and fragmentation of crystallites during uniaxial drawing of polyethylene and related copolymers. A comparative study . Macromolecules , 1999 . 32 ( 13 ): 4390 - 4403 . DOI: 10.1021/ma981776b http://doi.org/10.1021/ma981776b .

Q. Fu , B. Heck , G. Strobl , Y. Thomann . A temperature- and molar mass-dependent change in the crystallization mechanism of poly(1-butene):transition from chain-folded to chain-extended crystallization? . Macromolecules , 2001 . 34 ( 8 ): 2502 - 2511 . DOI: 10.1021/ma0015875 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma0015875 .

Y. Wang , Z. Jiang , L. Fu , Y. Lu , Y. Men . Stretching temperature dependency of lamellar thickness in stress-induced localized melting and recrystallized polybutene-1 . Macromolecules , 2013 . 46 ( 19 ): 7874 - 7879 . DOI: 10.1021/ma401326g http://doi.org/10.1021/ma401326g .

Y. Wang , Y. Lu , Z. Jiang , Y. Men . Molecular weight dependency of crystallization line, recrystallization line, and melting line of polybutene-1 . Macromolecules , 2014 . 47 ( 18 ): 6401 - 6407 . DOI: 10.1021/ma501272a http://doi.org/10.1021/ma501272a .

B. Heck , T. Hugel , M. Iijima , E. Sadiku , G. Strobly . Steps in the transition of an entangled polymer melt to the partially crystalline state . New J. Phys. , 1999 . 1 17.1 http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999NJPh....1...17H http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1999NJPh....1...17H , .

T. Y. Cho , G. Strobel . Temperature dependent variations in the lamellar structure of poly(L-lactide) . Polymer , 2006 . 47 ( 4 ): 1036 - 1043 . DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.12.027 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.12.027 .

D. Liu , R. Wang , M. Wang , C. Wu , Z. Wang . Chem. Commun , 2015 . 51 4685 - 4688 . DOI: 10.1039/C5CC00470E http://doi.org/10.1039/C5CC00470E .

D. Liu , C. Yao , R. Wang , M. Wang , Z. Wang , C. Wu , F. Lin . Angew . Chem. Int. Ed. , 2015 . 54 ( 17 ): 5205 - 5209 . DOI: 10.1002/anie.v54.17 http://doi.org/10.1002/anie.v54.17 .

O. Glatter , O. Kratky . "Small-angle X-ray scattering" , : London Academic Press , 1982 . p. 119 .

G. R. Strobl , M. Schneider . Model of partial crystallization and melting derived from small-angle X-ray scattering and electron microscopic studies on low-density polyethylene . J. Polym. Sci., Part B:Polym. Phys. , 1980 . 18 ( 6 ): 1343 - 1359 . DOI: 10.1002/pol.1980.180180614 http://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180180614 .

N. Stribeck . "X-ray scattering of soft matter" , : Berlin Heidelberg Springer-Verlag , 2007 . p. 110 .

E. B. Gowd , N. Shibayama , K. Tashiro . Structural changes during thermally induced phase transitions observed for uniaxially oriented δ form of syndiotactic polystyrene . Macromolecues , 2007 . 40 ( 17 ): 6291 - 6295 . DOI: 10.1021/ma0703913 http://doi.org/10.1021/ma0703913 .

E. B. Gowd , K. Tashiro . Effect of solvent molecules on phase transition phenomena of syndiotactic polystyrene . Macromolecues , 2007 . 40 ( 15 ): 5366 - 5371 . DOI: 10.1021/ma070558s http://doi.org/10.1021/ma070558s .

G. Strobl . From the melt via mesomorphic and granular crystalline layers to lamellar crystallites:a major route followed in polymer crystallization? Eur . Phys. J. E , 2000 . 3 ( 2 ): 165 - 183 . https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s101890070030 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s101890070030 , .

G. Strobl . Crystallization and melting of bulk polymers:new observations, conclusions and a thermodynamic scheme . Prog. Polym. Sci. , 2006 . 31 ( 4 ): 398 - 442 . DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.01.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.01.001 .

R. Chen , Y. Lu , Z. Jiang , Y. Men . Initial lamellar thickness dependency of recrystallization behavior of poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) . J. Polym. Sci., Part B:Polym. Phys. , 2018 . 56 ( 3 ): 219 - 224 . DOI: 10.1002/polb.24536 http://doi.org/10.1002/polb.24536 .

C. H. Su , U. Jeng , S. H. Chen , C. Y. Cheng , J. J. Lee , Y. H. Lai , W. C. Su , J. C. Tsai , A. C. Su . Thermodynamic characterization of polymorphs in bulk-crystallized syndiotactic polystyrene via small/wide-angle X-ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry . Macromolecules , 2009 . 42 ( 12 ): 4200 - 4207 . DOI: 10.1021/ma900384b http://doi.org/10.1021/ma900384b .

Views

Downloads

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

Submit

Tools

Publicity Resources

The Crystallization Behavior of L-Poly(lactic acid)/Polypropylene Blends: The Acceleration for Both L-Poly(lactic acid) and Polypropylene

A Facile Strategy to Enhance the Formation of Stereocomplex Crystallites in Poly(L-lactic acid)/Poly(D-lactic acid) Blend with High Molecular Weights

Controllable Synthesis of a Well-defined Polypropylene grafted Silica Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Crystallization Behavior of Polypropylene

End-group and Side-chain Dual-engineering of Selenium-fused Acceptors for 20.08% Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells with Low Energy Loss

Energy Storage Performance of Supercapacitors with Polyelectrolyte Surface Coatings: Effects of Dielectric Contrast

Related Author

Sheng Xiang

Hao-Qing Hou

Shui-Liang Chen

Jun Shao

Wen-Jie Wu

Wei-Jia Zhou

Shuang-Cheng Li

Ya-Dong Liu

Related Institution

Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University

College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering and Nanofiber Engineering Center of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University

Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

⁰

Equilibrium Crystallization Temperature of Syndiotactic Polystyrene γ Form

DOI：10.1007/s10118-018-2059-1

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references