A Mechanically Robust and Low Heat Build-up Rubber Formed by Isoprene Rubber Assembled with Eucommia Ulmoides Gum <italic style="font-style: italic">via</italic> Hydrogen Bonding

Xin-Yuan Wang; Chao-Fan Li; Hai-Lan Kang; Dong-Han Li; Qing-Hong Fang; Long Li; Feng Yang

doi:10.1007/s10118-025-3507-3

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A Mechanically Robust and Low Heat Build-up Rubber Formed by Isoprene Rubber Assembled with Eucommia Ulmoides Gum via Hydrogen Bonding

RESEARCH ARTICLE | Updated：2026-02-13

- A Mechanically Robust and Low Heat Build-up Rubber Formed by Isoprene Rubber Assembled with Eucommia Ulmoides Gum via Hydrogen Bonding
- Chinese Journal of Polymer Science Vol. 44, Issue 3, Pages: 845-856(2026)
- Affiliations：
  
  a.Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber & Elastomer, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
  b.College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
- Author bio：
  
  lilong@syuct.edu.cn (L.L.)
  yf18231@163.com (F.Y.)
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1007/s10118-025-3507-3
  CLC：
- Received：09 July 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-10-27，
  
  Accepted：17 November 2025，
  
  Online First：06 February 2026，
  
  Published：15 March 2026
- Accepted：
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Wang, X. Y.; Li, C. F.; Kang, H. L.; Li, D. H.; Fang, Q. H.; Li, L.; Yang, F. A mechanically robust and low heat build-up rubber formed by isoprene rubber assembled with Eucommia ulmoides gum via hydrogen bonding. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 845–856

Xin-Yuan Wang, Chao-Fan Li, Hai-Lan Kang, et al. A Mechanically Robust and Low Heat Build-up Rubber Formed by Isoprene Rubber Assembled with Eucommia Ulmoides Gum via Hydrogen Bonding[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(3): 845-856. DOI: 10.1007/s10118-025-3507-3.
Wang, X. Y.; Li, C. F.; Kang, H. L.; Li, D. H.; Fang, Q. H.; Li, L.; Yang, F. A mechanically robust and low heat build-up rubber formed by isoprene rubber assembled with Eucommia ulmoides gum via hydrogen bonding. Chinese J. Polym. Sci. 2026, 44, 845–856 DOI： 10.1007/s10118-025-3507-3.

Xin-Yuan Wang, Chao-Fan Li, Hai-Lan Kang, et al. A Mechanically Robust and Low Heat Build-up Rubber Formed by Isoprene Rubber Assembled with Eucommia Ulmoides Gum via Hydrogen Bonding[J]. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 2026, 44(3): 845-856. DOI: 10.1007/s10118-025-3507-3. DOI：

摘要

This study presents a chemically assembled rubber based on a dynamic hydrogen bonding network. This structure promotes intermolecular interactions

strain-induced crystallization and nanofiller dispersion

resulting in superior modulus

tensile and tear strength

as well as reduced heat build-up during dynamic loading.

Abstract

To combine the high elasticity and good mechanical performance of isoprene rubber (IR) with excellent fatigue resistance and low heat build-up of Eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG)

the present study employed a chemical method to graft 4-amino pyridine (AP) onto epoxidized IR and EUG

thereby creating a chemical assembly rubber of amino-pyridine-grafted epoxidized IR (AP-EIR) and amino pyridine-grafted epoxidized EUG (AP-EEUG)

via

a dynamic hydrogen bonding network. The presence of hydrogen bonds between AP-EIR and AP-EEUG was confirmed by variable temperature infrared spectroscopy

whereas scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy revealed a uniform dispersion of zinc oxide and nano-fillers. Hydrogen bonds significantly facilitate strain-induced crystallization between the AP-EIR and AP-EEUG molecules

thereby strengthening their intermolecular interactions. During mechanical deformation

the material primarily dissipates energy through the breaking of hydrogen bonds

which effectively improves the mechanical strength of the material

and the introduction of amino groups in this chemical assembly rubber improves the uniform dispersion of nano-fillers

as well as the interface interaction between rubber and nano-fillers. Consequently

the chemically assembled rubber exhibited superior modulus

tensile strength

and tear strength compared to IR and its physical blend

while also demonstrating reduced heat build-up during dynamic loading.

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Keywords

references

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A Mechanically Robust and Low Heat Build-up Rubber Formed by Isoprene Rubber Assembled with Eucommia Ulmoides Gum via Hydrogen Bonding

DOI：10.1007/s10118-025-3507-3

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references